Multi-dimensional localization of goods with an INTELLIgent READer supported by highly dynamic environment and process modelling (INTELLIREAD)

该研究是IntelliRead（INTELLigent READer）研究项目的延续。该项目的目标是开发一个系统，用于定位应用领域（业务流程）内的对象，使用智能UHF RFID阅读器以及有关应用环境和业务流程模型的信息。智能阅读器将无源RFID应答器定位在其读取区域中。为了提高定位结果，智能阅读器使用人工智能的方法将来自其阅读的信息与关于应用环境的信息相结合。测量的对象位置和有关应用程序域的信息可以跟踪和理解业务流程中的事件以及所涉及对象的状态。开发IntelliRead系统的第一步是从装载和卸载牵引列车的参考场景中引出系统要求。除了这些要求之外，系统对进一步操作场景的适应性也是一个目标。系统的适应性是遵循工业4.0概念的系统的主要属性之一[Aca-12]。在定义了系统的体系结构之后，开发了智能处理器的各个组成部分。无源RFID应答器的本地化需要开发基于天线阵列的硬件系统。这种方法使RFID应答器定位使用的估计方法的到来方向（DoA）的传入信号从无源UHF RFID应答器。使用DoA方法的定位的精度使用位置指纹识别方法来提高，其中DoA被用作参数（指纹）。此外，业务流程中事件的验证和确认过程需要关于应用环境的空间特征的信息以及关于参与的业务流程的信息。适当的知识来源被确定并集成到IntelliRead系统中，使系统意识到环境的空间方面和参与其中的过程之间的依赖关系。此外，该系统还分析有关观察对象的基本运动模式及其意义的给定信息。该研究项目的继续将使独立开发的组件集成到一个系统中，并在工业环境中对该系统进行评估。为了评估智能阅读器，使用了在IntelliRead项目过程中定义的参考场景。重点在于评估拟议的无源RFID定位系统在工业环境的条件下，同时保持准确的位置的对象和业务流程事件的识别与适当的更新率。

The proposed research is a continuation of the IntelliRead (INTELLigent READer) research project. The goal of that project was the development of a system for localization of objects within an application domain (business process), using an intelligent UHF RFID reader as well as the information about the application environmentand the model of the business process under observation. The intelligent reader localizes passive RFID transponders in its read field. To improve the localization results, the intelligent reader combines the information from its readings and the information about the application environment using the methods of artificial intelligence. The measured object position and the information about the application domain,enables tracking and understanding of events within a business process, as well as the status of the objects involved. The first step for the development of the IntelliRead system was the elicitation of the system requirements from the reference scenarios of loading and offloading tugger trains. In addition to these requirements, the adaptability of the system to further operation scenarios is a target. The adaptability of a system is one of the main properties for systems adhering to the concepts of the Industry 4.0 [Aca-12]. After defining the architecture of the system, the components of the intelligentreader were developed. The localization of passive RFID transponders required a development of a hardware system based on an array of antennas. This approach enables RFID transponder localization using the estimation methods for the direction of arrival (DoA) of the incoming signal from the passive UHF RFID transponders. The precision of the localization using DoA methods is improved using the location fingerprinting method, where DoAs are used as parameters (fingerprints). Furthermore, the process of verification and validation of events in a business process requires information about the spatial characteristics of the application environment as well as the information about the business processes taking part. Appropriate knowledge sources were identified and integrated into the IntelliRead system, making the system aware of the dependencies between the spatial aspects of the environment and the processes taking part in them. Additionally, the system analyzes given information about the basic movement patterns of the observed objects and their meaning. The continuation of the research project will enable the integration of independently developed components in one system, and the evaluation of the system in an industrialenvironment. To evaluate the intelligent reader the reference scenarios defined during the course of the IntelliRead project are used. The focus lies on the evaluation of the proposed passive RFID localization system under conditions of an industrial environmentwhile maintaining the precise position of the object and the recognition of business process events with a suitable update rate.