Scythian monumental burial mounds and their periphery in the northern Precaucasus. The Sengileevskoe-2 Kurgan
北普高加索地区的斯基泰人纪念性墓葬及其周边地区。
基本信息
- 批准号:262000317
- 负责人:
- 金额:--
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:德国
- 项目类别:Research Grants
- 财政年份:2014
- 资助国家:德国
- 起止时间:2013-12-31 至 2015-12-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Research on the monumental burial mounds (kurgans) in the steppe- and forest-steppe belt of Eurasia, which date from the Early Iron Age and were built by the carriers of Scythian culture, has yielded many new results in the past 10-15 years, shedding new light on these monumental structures created by the horse nomads. It turned out that not only burials, hoards as well as sacrificial and other cultic complexes were associated with the kurgans; important structures may be found in the immediate surroundings of the monumental burial mounds as well. Due to these findings, the monumental kurgans of the central Pre-Caucasus (the region of present-day Stavropol/Russia) can not only be interpreted as burial sites of the élite, but also as ritual and cultic centres of the Iron-Age horse nomads. The few kurgans in the region that have so far been explored were all built in the so-called archaic period of the Scythian age (7th-6th centuries BV). This period was associated with the so-called heroic history of the Scythians as described by Herodotus (Herodotus I, 103-106), when horse nomads formed alliances and embarked on military expeditions to the Middle East. Until recently, only one kurgan from the classic period (5th-4th centuries BC) was known to exist in the entire region of Stavropol: the Kurgan Sultan, explored in 1899-1901. While many prominent Scythian kurgans, from the middle Dnepr River in the Ukraine (e.g., Tolstaya Mogila, Chertomlyk, Solocha) to the Kuban area in the northern West Caucasus (e.g., Ulyap, Tenginskaya), date from that very period, almost nothing is known about that era with regard to the Stavropol region adjacent to the east. Hence, the project proposed here is an urgent research desideratum. In late summer 2013, parts of a monumental burial mound in the region of Stavropol were examined in the context of a rescue excavation, which produced several gold objects dating from the 4th century BC. This meant that a kurgan from the classic period had been discovered. Due to the applicants many years of experience in studying monumental burial mounds of the Scythian era in various parts of Eurasia, the Russian colleagues asked him to undertake the further exploration of that kurgan (geophysical survey and excavation). The project has an interdisciplinary layout, pooling archaeology, geophysics, physical anthropology, archaeozoology, archaeobotany, and paleogenetics. This will be the first time such a monumental burial mound is explored by means of modern excavation methods, complemented by natural-scientific approaches. In addition, it opens up chances for a more comprehensive discussion about the place of the monumental burial mounds in the North Caucasus within the cultural context of Eurasia.
在过去的10-15年里,对欧亚大陆草原和森林草原带中的纪念性土丘(kalanans)的研究取得了许多新的成果,这些墓葬可以追溯到铁器时代早期,由斯基泰文化的载体建造,为马游牧民族创造的这些纪念性建筑提供了新的线索。事实证明,不仅墓葬、窖藏以及祭祀和其他崇拜复合体与克钦人有关;重要的结构也可能在纪念性的土丘周围被发现。由于这些发现,前高加索中部(今俄罗斯斯塔夫罗波尔地区)的纪念碑不仅可以被解释为精英的埋葬地,而且还可以被解释为铁器时代马游牧民族的仪式和崇拜中心。迄今为止,该地区已被探索过的少数几个克基拉岛都是在所谓的斯基泰时代(公元前7 - 6世纪)的古老时期建造的。这一时期与希罗多德(Herodotus I,103-106)所描述的斯基泰人的所谓英雄历史有关,当时骑马游牧民族结成联盟并开始向中东进行军事远征。直到最近,只有一个来自古典时期(公元前5 - 4世纪)的库尔干已知存在于整个斯塔夫罗波尔地区:库尔干苏丹,在1899-1901年探索。虽然许多著名的斯基泰人,从乌克兰第聂伯河中游(例如,Tolstaya莫吉拉、Chertomlyk、Solocha)到西高加索北方的库班地区(例如,乌里亚普,Tenginskaya),日期从那个时期,几乎没有什么是知道那个时代关于斯塔夫罗波尔地区毗邻东部。因此,本课题的研究是一个迫切的研究需求。2013年夏末,在一次救援挖掘中,对斯塔夫罗波尔地区一座纪念性坟墓的部分进行了检查,该挖掘产生了几件可追溯到公元前世纪的黄金物品。这意味着一个古典时期的库尔干人被发现了。由于申请人在研究欧亚大陆各地斯基泰时代的纪念性土丘方面有多年的经验,俄罗斯同事请他对该库尔干进行进一步勘探(地球物理调查和挖掘)。该项目有一个跨学科的布局,汇集考古学,生物物理学,体质人类学,考古动物学,考古植物学和古遗传学。这将是第一次通过现代挖掘方法探索这样一个具有纪念意义的坟墓,并辅之以自然科学方法。此外,它开辟了一个更全面的讨论在欧亚大陆的文化背景下,在北高加索地区的纪念碑墓冢的位置的机会。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Professor Dr. Hermann Parzinger其他文献
Professor Dr. Hermann Parzinger的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Professor Dr. Hermann Parzinger', 18)}}的其他基金
Römischer Einfluß auf Sachkultur und Grabritus der Sarmaten im nördlichen (Moldawien, Ukraine) und nordöstlichen Schwarzmeerraum (Südrußland, Nordwest-Kaukasus)
罗马对北部(摩尔多瓦、乌克兰)和黑海东北部(俄罗斯南部、高加索西北部)萨尔马提亚人的物质文化和埋葬仪式的影响
- 批准号:
5185522 - 财政年份:1999
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
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