Mindanao Eddy, Halmahera Eddy: Variability of West Pacific Warm Pool and Indonesian Throughflow (inflow passages and main gateway)

我们提出了两个新的Calypso取芯目标调查的相对作用的哈马黑拉和棉兰老岛涡在控制流入的北太平洋和南太平洋沃茨的主要通道的印度尼西亚洋流（ITF）。主要的ITF入口靠近热带太平洋锋面，该锋面将北太平洋和南太平洋起源的水团分开，具有不同的温度，营养和盐度特性。这方面的流入通道（棉兰老岛通道向北和Halmahera通道向南）的位置的变化导致重大水文变化，这大大改变了古海洋学和气候作用的印度洋和太平洋在晚更新世。然而，到目前为止，这些变化的幅度和频率几乎仍然未知。我们的主要目标是（1）比较两条主要流入路径的水文剖面（哈马黑拉海峡和棉兰老海峡），并建立北太平洋温跃层水和南太平洋中层水的同位素和地球化学特征的代用记录，这是ITF的两个主要组成部分（2），以重建海表温度（SST）、盐度（SSS）、营养物质、出口生产和底层电流在网关在几个冰川周期;（3）监测的变化，在不同的时间尺度（千年以下的轨道）在晚更新世期间的ITF流入和（4）测试模型预测的强烈减少通过流量在冰川。

We propose two new Calypso coring targets to investigate the relative role of the Halmahera and Mindanao eddies in controlling the influx of North and South Pacific waters into the main passage of the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF). The main ITF inlets are close to the tropical Pacific front that divides water masses of North Pacific and South Pacific origin with different temperature, nutrient and salinity properties. Changes in the position of this front in relation to the inflow passages (Mindanao passage to the North and Halmahera passage to the South) led to major hydrographic changes, which substantially modified the paleoceanography and climatic role of the Indian and Pacific Oceans during the late Pleistocene. Until now, however, the magnitude and frequency of these changes remain virtually unknown. Our main objectives will be (1) to compare the hydrographic profiles of the two main inflow paths (Halmahera and Mindanao Passages) and to develop proxy records for the isotopic and geochemical characteristics of North Pacific thermocline water and South Pacific intermediate water, which form the two main components of the ITF (2) to reconstruct sea surface temperature (SST), salinity (SSS), nutrients, export production and bottom currents within the gateway over several glacial cycles; (3) to monitor the variability of the ITF inflow on various timescales (sub-millennial to orbital) during the late Pleistocene and (4) to test modeling predictions of a strongly reduced throughflow during glacials.