Mindanao Eddy, Halmahera Eddy: Variability of West Pacific Warm Pool and Indonesian Throughflow (inflow passages and main gateway)

我们提出了两个新的Calypso取心目标，以研究Halmahera和棉兰老涡旋在控制北太平洋和南太平洋水域流入印度尼西亚通流（ITF）主要通道中的相对作用。主要的ITF入口靠近热带太平洋锋，将北太平洋和南太平洋的水团分开，它们的温度、营养和盐度特性不同。与流入通道（北部棉兰老通道和南部Halmahera通道）相关的锋面位置变化导致了主要的水文变化，这大大改变了晚更新世期间印度洋和太平洋的古海洋学和气候作用。然而，直到现在，这些变化的幅度和频率实际上仍然是未知的。我们的主要目标将是：(1)比较两条主要流入路径（Halmahera通道和棉兰老通道）的水文剖面，并开发北太平洋温跃层水和南太平洋中间水的同位素和地球化学特征的代理记录，它们构成了ITF的两个主要组成部分；(2)重建几个冰川旋回期间门户内的海表温度（SST）、盐度（SSS）、营养物质、出口产量和底流；(3)监测晚更新世不同时间尺度（次千年到轨道）的ITF流入的变化；(4)验证冰期通量强烈减少的模拟预测。

We propose two new Calypso coring targets to investigate the relative role of the Halmahera and Mindanao eddies in controlling the influx of North and South Pacific waters into the main passage of the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF). The main ITF inlets are close to the tropical Pacific front that divides water masses of North Pacific and South Pacific origin with different temperature, nutrient and salinity properties. Changes in the position of this front in relation to the inflow passages (Mindanao passage to the North and Halmahera passage to the South) led to major hydrographic changes, which substantially modified the paleoceanography and climatic role of the Indian and Pacific Oceans during the late Pleistocene. Until now, however, the magnitude and frequency of these changes remain virtually unknown. Our main objectives will be (1) to compare the hydrographic profiles of the two main inflow paths (Halmahera and Mindanao Passages) and to develop proxy records for the isotopic and geochemical characteristics of North Pacific thermocline water and South Pacific intermediate water, which form the two main components of the ITF (2) to reconstruct sea surface temperature (SST), salinity (SSS), nutrients, export production and bottom currents within the gateway over several glacial cycles; (3) to monitor the variability of the ITF inflow on various timescales (sub-millennial to orbital) during the late Pleistocene and (4) to test modeling predictions of a strongly reduced throughflow during glacials.