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Does side matter? The evolution of asymmetric genitalia in livebearing fish

侧面重要吗？

基本信息

批准号：
266972677
负责人：
Professor Dr. Julián Torres-Dowdall, Ph.D.
金额：
--
依托单位：
Department of Biological Sciences
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2014-12-31 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/266972677?language=en
关键词：
Does side matter evolution asymmetric

项目摘要

Morphological asymmetries are ubiquitous among otherwise bilaterally symmetric organisms. The simple left-right nature of asymmetry facilitates comparisons across organisms, thus holding great potential to increase our understanding of evolutionary processes. Particularly promising is the evolution of asymmetric polymorphisms in animal genitalia, because of its strong correlation with fitness. It is now clear that sexual selection plays a fundamental role in the evolution of animal genitalia; however, the specific mechanisms are still unclear. Currently, the most plausible explanations are cryptic female choice, male-male sperm competition, and sexually antagonistic coevolution. Distinguishing among them is challenging because these are not mutually exclusive. Another limitation has been the focus on a single or few species. I propose to study the evolution of genital asymmetry in a group of livebearing fishes using phylogenetically controlled comparative methods. Most species in Anablepidae show internal fertilization, and many species exhibit genital asymmetry. Yet, the evolutionary implications of this asymmetry remain largely unstudied. I propose to conduct a series of experiments aimed to further our understanding of the causes and consequences of genital asymmetry in Anablepidae. First, I will produce a well-resolved phylogeny based on genome-wide markers, and map asymmetry into this phylogeny to make inference on the evolutionary history of genital asymmetry in Anablepidae. Then, I will conduct population genetic analyses in natural populations to determine the consequences of asymmetry for random mating and population differentiation. Finally, I will conduct specific crosses and pedigree analyses to determine the fitness consequences and genetic bases of genital asymmetry in Anablepidae.

形态不对称在双边对称的生物体中普遍存在。不对称性的简单左右性质有利于生物体之间的比较，因此具有增加我们对进化过程的理解的巨大潜力。特别有希望的是动物生殖器不对称多态性的进化，因为它与健康有很强的相关性。现在已经清楚，性选择在动物生殖器的进化中发挥着重要作用。但具体机制仍不清楚。目前，最合理的解释是神秘的雌性选择、雄性与雄性精子的竞争以及性对抗的共同进化。区分它们具有挑战性，因为它们并不相互排斥。另一个限制是只关注单一或少数物种。我建议使用系统发育控制的比较方法来研究一组活鱼的生殖器不对称的进化。 Anablepidae 中的大多数物种都表现出体内受精，并且许多物种表现出生殖器不对称。然而，这种不对称性的进化影响在很大程度上仍未得到研究。我建议进行一系列实验，旨在进一步了解甲科动物生殖器不对称的原因和后果。首先，我将基于全基因组标记产生一个很好解析的系统发育，并将不对称性映射到该系统发育中，以推断甲虫科生殖器不对称的进化历史。然后，我将在自然群体中进行群体遗传分析，以确定不对称性对随机交配和群体分化的影响。最后，我将进行具体的杂交和谱系分析，以确定甲类动物生殖器不对称的适应性后果和遗传基础。