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Green and thirsty energy!? Yunnan's (SW-China) aggressive hydropower development and the Water-Energy-Environment Nexus.

绿色又饥渴的能量！？

基本信息

批准号：
267459381
负责人：
Dr. Thomas Hennig
金额：
--
依托单位：
Asian International River Center and Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-security (aufgelöst)
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2013-12-31 至 2015-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/267459381?language=en
关键词：
Green thirsty energy Yunnan SW

项目摘要

The transformation of the energy sector and safeguarding a stable energy supply is one of the crucial challenges of today's global societies. Unlike Germany, hydropower development, in many countries, plays a pivotal role. In particular in Asia, hydropower is seen as the most important renewable energy and is being developed rapidly. Since the new millennium China has been developed as the world's largest generator and consumer of power as well as the largest driver in hydropower development. The geographical research on that topic focuses almost exclusively on individual and often controversial large dams. But 98.6% of China's 50,000 hydropower stations are small projects. Due to a different classification system small projects are defined up to an installed capacity of 50MW. While the multiple implications of large dams and also the environmental consequences of singular small hydropower projects are well studied, cumulative impacts of (small) hydropower cascades are still a significant research gap with important policy implications. This is particularly true with regard to (sub-)catchments and an analysis of multiple interactions (e.g. power consumption, ecology, etc.). Study region is the province of Yunnan which lies within two hotspots of global biodiversity. The province is also known for its high geo and ethnic diversity. Yunnan has been developing as one of the world's key regions for hydropower generation. The province, part of four international river basins, became an epitome of a new fast-paced hydropower development which primarily serves long distant electricity markets. Within Yunnan the transnational Irrawaddy catchment serves as case study area. It has one of the highest dam densities worldwide and almost the entire region is affected by small and large scale hydropower development. Parallel it is characterized by a fast-paced development of a large number of energy-intensive industries (silicon, aluminum, etc.). The overall goal of the project is an analysis of trade-offs between Yunnan's rapid hydropower development and selected aspects of the water-energy-environment nexus. The nexus approach is gaining popularity in science and politics, but has never been analyzed in relation to a comprehensive hydropower development. Therefore I want to make a contribution for a better understanding of the complex interactions. I focus on three sub-goals: (i) spatio-temporal analysis of the water-energy nexus based on the trade-offs between (hydro-)power generation, (hydro-)power exports and local/provincial power consumption (focus energy intensive industries); (ii) water-environment nexus: quantitative and qualitative analysis of cumulative biophysical and ecological implications, and (iii) to expand the currently best interactive web-based infographic of China's unique hydropower development and to develop a new infographic with more layers/information (in cooperation with Woodrow Wilson Center, Washington DC).

能源部门的转型和保障稳定的能源供应是当今全球社会的关键挑战之一。与德国不同的是，水电开发在许多国家发挥着举足轻重的作用。特别是在亚洲，水电被视为最重要的可再生能源，正在迅速发展。新千年以来，中国已发展成为世界上最大的发电国和消费国，也是水电开发的最大推动者。关于这一主题的地理研究几乎完全集中在个别的、往往有争议的大坝上。但中国5万座水电站中有98.6%是小型项目。由于不同的分类系统，小型项目被定义为装机容量为50兆瓦。虽然大型水坝的多重影响以及单个小水电项目的环境后果得到了很好的研究，但（小）水电梯级的累积影响仍然是一个重大的研究空白，具有重要的政策影响。这一点在（子）集水区和多种相互作用（例如，电力消耗，生态等）的分析方面尤其如此。研究区域是云南省，位于全球生物多样性的两个热点。该省还以其高度的地理和种族多样性而闻名。云南已成为世界水电开发的重点地区之一。该省是四个国际河流流域的一部分，成为新的快节奏水电开发的缩影，主要服务于远程电力市场。在云南，跨国伊洛瓦底江流域作为案例研究区。它是世界上水坝密度最高的地区之一，几乎整个地区都受到小型和大型水电开发的影响。与此同时，它的特点是大量能源密集型产业（硅，铝等）的快速发展。该项目的总体目标是分析云南快速水电开发与水-能源-环境关系的某些方面之间的权衡。关系方法在科学和政治领域越来越受欢迎，但从未被分析过与综合水电开发的关系。因此，我想为更好地理解复杂的相互作用做出贡献。我关注三个子目标：（i）基于（水力）发电、（水力）电力出口和地方/省电力消费之间的权衡，对水-能源关系进行时空分析（重点是能源密集型产业）; ㈡水与环境的关系：对累积的生物物理和生态影响进行定量和定性分析，以及（iii）扩展目前最好的基于网络的中国独特水电开发的交互式信息图，并开发一个具有更多层次/信息的新信息图（与华盛顿的伍德罗威尔逊中心合作）。