Methods for the complementary design of the machine and the control in electric drive systems

电力驱动正在越来越多的应用中使用，提供有效的能量转换并允许控制运动。它们可以在工业机械，电动汽车，可再生能源发电机，家用电器等应用领域中找到。设计驱动系统的目标包括高扭矩密度、高效率、低制造/维护成本、高可靠性和高性能运动控制。驱动器的研究和开发主要分为电机和控制和电力电子系统两部分。在通常的方法中，控制系统是假设给定的标准电机或机器类型来设计的。他设计的机器采用了标准的控制算法，比如场定向控制。机器的设计和控制器的设计一般由不相关的团队来完成。在永磁同步电机（PMSM）的情况下，机器通常被设计为获得正弦反电动势（EMF），因为它是假设控制提供正弦电流。假设反电动势为正弦波，其侧的控制设计用于提供正弦波电流。这样，就得到了无纹波转矩。然而，这些假设限制了机器的设计，并没有充分利用电力电子和控制系统的所有潜力。期望将机床与控制相辅相成地设计，可以获得比单独设计更好的特性。很少对这种方法进行调查，本建议将对此进行讨论。有一个特殊的潜力，以达到一个更简单，但仍然有效的驱动系统。用非正弦电动势设计的机器将与三相四线逆变器（即连接中性点）以及用于控制的新的非正弦参考坐标系变换进行研究。为了获得一个简单的没有位置传感器的驱动系统，自感知控制也将被研究。由于自感知技术的性能特别取决于机器的特性，因此需要研究提高机器自感知能力的方法和合适的自感知方法。这项研究将基于对机器和控制系统的原型进行建模、仿真和实验测试。尽管这项研究主要集中在永磁同步电机上，但预计研究结果至少可以部分用于其他类型的机器。

Electric drives are being used in an increasing number of applications, providing efficient energy conversion and allowing for control of motion. They can be found in industrial machinery, electric vehicles, renewable energy generators, home appliances, among other application fields.The targets for designing a drive system include high torque density, high efficiency, low manufacturing/maintenance costs, high reliability and high performance motion control. The research and development of the drives are mainly split in the electric machines on one side and in the control and power electronic systems in the other. In the usual approaches, the control system is designed assuming a given standard electrical machine or machine type. The machine on his part is designed assuming a standard control algorithm, like the field oriented control. The design of the machine and the design of the controller is generally performed by unrelated teams.In the case of permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM), the machine is usually designed for obtaining a sinusoidal back electromotive force (EMF), as it is assumed that the control supplies sinusoidal current. The control on his side is designed for supplying sinusoidal current assuming the back EMF is sinusoidal. In this way, a ripple free torque is obtained. However, these assumptions constrain the design of the machine and does not make use of all the potential of the power electronic and control system.It is expected that by designing the machine and the control in a complementary way, better characteristics can be obtained than when designed separately. This approach is rarely investigated and will be covered by the present proposal. There is a special potential to reach a simpler, however, still efficient drive system.Machines designed with purposeful nonsinusoidal EMF will be investigated in relation with a three phase four wire inverter i.e. with connected neutral, and with a new non-sinusoidal reference frame transformations for the control. With the aim of obtaining a simpler drive system without position sensor, the self sensing control will also be investigated. As the performance of self sensing techniques depend specially on characteristics of the machine, method for improving the self sensing capability of the machine and the suitable self sensing methods will be researched.The research will be performed based on modelling, simulation, and experimental tests on prototypes of the machine and the control system. Even though the research is focused on the PMSM, it is expected that the results can be at least partially used for other machine types.