Olympia (Greece) as a multi-dimensional space – a landscape archaeology approach to structure, interdependency and change of spatial networks

奥林匹亚（希腊）作为一个多维空间——一种研究空间网络结构、相互依赖性和变化的景观考古学方法

• 批准号: 270113181
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Hans-Joachim Gehrke
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Seminar für Alte Geschichte
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/270113181?language=en
• 关键词: Olympia; Greece; multi; dimensional; space

The research at the sanctuary of Olympia has a long tradition. In spite of this, its integration within the regional environment has not yet been fully researched. Therefore, a systematic landscape archaeology project was initiated (2015 to 2018). A unique aspect is that a sanctuary, rather than a city, forms the centre of the region. Whether this peculiarity had any influence on the regional configuration has to be examined in comparison with other surveys.The update on previous research in the vicinity of Olympia resulted in the first characterization of settlement structures, the visualization of an extremely sacralyzed landscape and immense changes of the (palaeo-)environment.The detailed evaluation of these results, the correlation of the mythistory and general history as well as clarifying essential paleoenvironmental questions represent main issues of the continuation phase of the project (2019-2022).This research aims to capture the structure, dynamics and diversity of the surrounding area of Olympia due to natural, socio-political, economic and cultural conditions. This enables the recording and evaluation of the settlement patterns in different periods, as well as their changes, on a regional and supra-regional scale.In addition, the comparison of survey results with literary tradition will increase the level of knowledge about the socio-political organization, cultural history and mental, mythical and religious view on space. This can be used to generate a chronological order of mythological and sacral-memorial topographies. The resources available in the surrounding of Olympia are systematically studied through combined analysis of archaeological objects, textual evidence and geoarchaeological studies. The use of local resources within the sanctuary itself will also provide lead on cult ecology in the sacral environment.One important element for the development of the sanctuary and its environs is the presence of 'water'. In this respect, the geoarchaeological focus will be on the Alpheios River, and especially on the "Lake of Olympia", discovered during the first phase of the project. For the development of the sanctuary within and with the landscape, this lake is considered to be of outmost importance. Furthermore, the role of groundwater and surface water will be clarified for the sanctuary itself as well as for the lower Alpheios basin where a possible river port was discovered.The acquired results will be compared with the development of the sanctuary in order to determine the relationship between the cult place and rural surroundings as well as its significance for the cultural-historical landscape.The complexity of the project goals and different perspectives on the study area require a multi-methodological analytical strategy. This complexity is reflected through the core of participating disciplines: archeology, ancient history and geoarchaeology, which follow an integrative interdisciplinary research approach.

在奥林匹亚圣所的研究有着悠久的传统。尽管如此，其在区域环境中的整合尚未得到充分研究。因此，启动了系统的景观考古项目（2015年至2018年）。一个独特的方面是，一个避难所，而不是一个城市，形成了该地区的中心。这种特殊性是否对区域结构有任何影响，必须与其他调查进行比较。对奥林匹亚附近以前研究的更新导致了对定居结构的首次描述，一个极端神圣化景观的可视化和（古）环境的巨大变化。对这些结果的详细评估，神话故事和一般历史的相互关系以及澄清基本的古环境问题是该项目继续阶段的主要问题（2019-2022）.这项研究旨在捕捉结构，动态和奥林匹亚周边地区的多样性，由于自然，社会政治，经济和文化条件。这使得在区域和跨区域范围内记录和评估不同时期的定居模式及其变化成为可能，此外，将调查结果与文学传统进行比较将提高对社会政治组织、文化历史以及心理、神话和宗教空间观的认识水平。这可以用来生成神话和神圣纪念地形的时间顺序。 通过对考古物品、文字证据和地质考古学研究的综合分析，系统地研究了奥林匹亚周围的资源。在保护区内利用当地资源也将为保护区环境的邪教生态提供线索。保护区及其周围环境发展的一个重要因素是“水”的存在。在这方面，地质考古的重点将是在项目第一阶段发现的Alpheios河，特别是“奥林匹亚湖”。对于保护区内和景观的发展，这个湖被认为是最重要的。此外，委员会认为，地下水和地表水的作用将被澄清，为保护区本身以及为较低的Alpheios盆地，其中可能的河流港口被发现。所获得的结果将与保护区的发展进行比较，以确定崇拜场所和农村环境之间的关系，以及其对文化的意义-由于项目目标的复杂性和对研究领域的不同看法，需要采取多种方法的分析战略。这种复杂性反映在参与学科的核心：考古学，古代历史和地质考古学，遵循综合跨学科的研究方法。