Quantitative effects of vernalization requirement, day length and temperature on flowering time of oilseed rape

春化要求、日照长度和温度对油菜开花时间的定量影响

• 批准号: 270184074
• 负责人: Dr. Christian Möllers
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Pflanzenzüchtung (aufgelöst)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/270184074?language=en
• 关键词: Quantitative; effects; vernalization; requirement; day

Vernalization requirement, day length, and temperature are key factors that determine days to flowering in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). For winter oilseed rape genotypes, considerable differences in vernalization requirement have been reported and a positive correlation between the degree of vernalization requirement and frost tolerance has been discussed in the literature. Under typical western European growing conditions, the vernalization requirement of winter oilseed rape cultivars is met by end of December - plants transferred from the field to the greenhouse flower readily within short time. However, under field conditions flowering begins only about four months later, indicating that other factors like day-length and/or temperature regulate flowering time. The main objective of the present project is the elucidation of the relationships between vernalization requirement and frost tolerance, respectively winter survival, and flowering time in dependence of day-length and temperature. Therefore a segregating doubled haploid population, derived from a cross between spring-type variety Topas (DH4079) and winter-type oilseed rape Express will be phenotypic characterized (a) for its vernalization requirement and days to flowering under greenhouse conditions, (b) for its frost tolerance as determined after incubating plants in a frost chamber, (c) for the effect of day-length and/or temperature on days to flowering of fully vernalized plants, and (d) for its segregation for winter survival and flowering time in field experiments (sown in August) as well as for its tendency to form inflorescences in the year of sowing for spring sown trials (sown in April). All phenotypic data will be used to map corresponding QTL in a high density molecular marker map of this population on the basis of the Illumina Infinium Brassica 60K SNP Chip technology. QTL analysis will show if QTL for frost tolerance, winter survival and days to flowering obtained under different environmental conditions will collocate or differ in their positions. A complementary high resolution transcriptomic analysis (MACE; Massive Analysis of cDNA Ends) will be performed to identify genes that are differentially expressed in contrasting bulks of early vs. late flowering and in frost sensitive vs. frost tolerant genotypes. cDNA Sequences (100bp) obtained from MACE and the Illumina SNP marker sequences will be used to identify their physical position in the Brassica napus genome and to compare their position with mapped QTL. SNP markers developed by other project partners of this priority program for other genes affecting flowering time in Brassica napus will also be mapped and their position will be compared with QTL detected in the different environments in this project.

春化需求、日长和温度是决定甘蓝型油菜开花天数的关键因素。在冬油菜品种中，春化需要量存在较大差异，文献中讨论了春化需要量与耐霜性之间的正相关关系。在典型的西欧生长条件下，冬季油菜品种的春化要求在12月底前就能满足--植株很容易在短时间内从田间转移到温室花朵上。然而，在田间条件下，开花仅在大约四个月后开始，这表明日长和/或温度等其他因素控制着开花时间。本项目的主要目的是阐明春化需求和耐霜性之间的关系，分别是越冬存活率和开花时间与日长和温度的关系。因此，从春型油菜品种Topas(DH4079)与冬型油菜Express杂交产生的分离双单倍体群体将具有以下表型特征：(A)其春化需求和在温室条件下开花的天数，(B)在霜室中孵化植物后确定的耐霜性，(C)日长和/或温度对完全春化植株开花的影响，(D)在田间试验中(8月播种)为了越冬存活和开花时间而进行的分离，以及在春播试验(4月播种)播种的年份有形成花序的趋势。所有的表型数据将在白菜60K SNP芯片技术的基础上，在该群体的高密度分子标记图谱上定位相应的QTL。QTL分析表明，在不同环境条件下获得的耐霜性、越冬存活率和开花天数的QTL是否会在它们的位置上配置或不同。将进行互补性高分辨率转录分析(MACE；大规模分析cDNAEnds)，以确定在早花和晚花以及在霜冻敏感和耐霜基因中差异表达的基因。从MACE和Illumina SNP标记序列中获得的cDNA序列(100bp)将用于鉴定它们在甘蓝型油菜基因组中的物理位置，并与所定位的QTL进行比较。本优先项目的其他项目合作伙伴为影响甘蓝型油菜开花时间的其他基因开发的SNP标记也将被定位，并将其位置与本项目在不同环境中检测到的QTL进行比较。