Personal risk prevention in police law

警法中的人身风险防范

• 批准号: 270317115
• 负责人: Dr. Benjamin Rusteberg
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Staatswissenschaft und Rechtsphilosophie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/270317115?language=en
• 关键词: Personal; risk; prevention; police; law

The goal of the project is to develop a doctrine of personal risk prevention. The study focuses on the sanctions of police law, which take the prediction, that a certain person will breach the law in the future, as a base for interfering with that person`s fundamental rights. The project not only concerns measures for gathering information but also sanctions that prohibit otherwise socially accepted activities for persons, who are deemed dangerous. The prohibition rests on the prediction that the person would otherwise use the situation resulting from the prohibited action for further actions, which are universally prohibited regardless of the person who commits the action. Such sanctions range from preventive detention through the requierement of >>reliability<< in commerce law to the aptitude to steer a vehicle. The goal of the project is not to propagate a new type of security measures. Rather, at the moment ,despite being an inherent part of police law, the multitude of the problems aligned with these sanctions is not recognized by jurisprudence. Therefore the project wants to identify and analyze an already ongoing practice and as a result reconcile this practice with constitutional and legal demands.

该项目的目标是制定一项预防个人风险的理论。本研究的重点是警察法的制裁，它以预测某人将在未来违反法律为基础，干涉该人的基本权利。该项目不仅涉及收集信息的措施，而且还涉及禁止被视为危险的人从事其他社会认可的活动的制裁措施。禁止的依据是预测该人会利用被禁止的行为所造成的情况采取进一步行动，而无论实施该行为的人是谁，这些行动都是普遍禁止的。这些制裁包括预防性拘留、商法中的"可靠性"要求以及驾驶车辆的能力。 该项目的目标不是推广一种新的安全措施。相反，目前，尽管这是警察法的固有组成部分，但与这些制裁有关的众多问题没有得到判例的承认。因此，该项目希望确定和分析一种已经存在的做法，从而使这种做法符合宪法和法律的要求。