The Presocratics in the Herculaneum Papyri

该项目的目的是创建一个Herculanense语料库(CPH)，即首次全面收集《Herculaneum Papyri》中所载的前苏格拉底哲学家的证据。CPH将包括一个评论版本，在此之前有一个哲学导言，并伴随着一个英文翻译和一篇评论。在著名的Fragmente der Vorsokatiker(甚至在此之前，在Doxgraph i Graeci)中，赫尔曼·迪尔斯总共包括了60个大力神的来源，分布在24位前卫派作家的名单上。这些有争议的段落只涉及伊壁鸠鲁的杰作《自然》中的两件德米特里特的证据，三件恩贝多克勒斯的证言和一件德米特里乌斯·拉科作品中的德米特里乌斯的证言。1012(Opus Incertom)和PHerc.1014(关于诗歌，书2)分别，但首先是在加达拉的Philodemus的几个作品非常大量的见证(特别是在他的论文虔诚)。如今，大力神著作的更可靠版本可以极大地丰富苏格拉底学派的道克斯学。事实上，迪尔斯依赖于大力神文本的版本，这些版本不是主要基于对原始手稿的尸检，即使是在这种情况下，以前的编辑也没有处置任何现代技术(即。显微镜和多光谱图像)成功地做到了这一点。这一错误使他一方面从他的收藏中排除了一些实际的前王朝证据，另一方面在其中包括了一些与前苏格拉底派无关的大力神文本。事实上，如果考虑到片断、手稿信息、回忆和简单的名字引用，对于前卫哲学家的大力神证词(大约180件证据)几乎是Diels-Kranz选择的三倍。这种情况清楚地表明，它们的全面版本可能会对新的前狂想主义碎片集产生强烈影响，并为更好地理解伊壁鸠鲁对前王朝物理学、宇宙学、伦理学和神学的判断而产生的影响。该项目兼具纸学和哲学的目的。前者在于通过取代和整合迪尔斯-克兰兹文集中的相关大力神部分来增强我们对前辈思想的认识，后者首次系统地论述了前辈哲学和伊壁鸠鲁主义之间的复杂关系。

The project aims to create a Corpus Praesocraticorum Herculanense (CPH), i.e. the first comprehensive collection of the evidence for Presocratic philosophers contained in the Herculaneum papyri. The CPH will include a critical edition preceded by a philosophical introduction and accompanied by an English translation and a commentary. In the renowned Fragmente der Vorsokratiker (and, even before, in the Doxographi Graeci) Hermann Diels included altogether 60 Herculanean sources spread over a list of 24 Presocratic authors. The passages at issue concerned only two pieces of evidence for Democritus in Epicurus' masterpiece On Nature, three testimonia for Empedocles and one for Democritus in Demetrius Laco's works contained in PHerc. 1012 (Opus incertum) and PHerc. 1014 (On Poems, Book 2) respectively, but above all a very large number of testimonia in several works by Philodemus of Gadara (especially in his treatise On Piety). Nowadays, the Presocratic doxography can be greatly enriched by more reliable editions of Herculanean texts. As a matter of fact, Diels relied on editions of Herculanean texts which were not principally founded on autopsy of the original manuscripts and, even when this was the case, the previous editors did not dispose of any modern technology (viz. microscopes and multispectral images) for doing this successfully. This fault caused him, on the one hand, to exclude from his collection some actual Presocratic evidence and to include in it, on the other, some Herculanean texts having nothing to do with the Presocratics. In fact, if one considers fragments, doxographical information, reminiscences and simple name quotations, the Herculanean testimonia for Presocratic philosophers (ca. 180 pieces of evidence) almost triples the Diels-Kranz selection. This situation makes clear the strong impact that a comprehensive edition of them could have for a new collection of the Presocratics' fragments and for a better understanding of the Epicurean judgment on Presocratic physics, cosmology, ethics and theology. The project has a both papyrological and philosophical purpose. The former consists in enhancing our knowledge of Presocratic thought by substituting and integrating the relevant Herculanean sections of the Diels-Kranz collection, the latter deals for the first time in a systematic way with the complex relationship between Presocratic philosophy and Epicureanism.