The Presocratics in the Herculaneum Papyri

赫库兰尼姆纸莎草中的前苏格拉底主义者

• 批准号: 271380416
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Georg Wöhrle, since 1/2017
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Fachbereich II - Klassische Philologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/271380416?language=en
• 关键词: Presocratics; Herculaneum; Papyri

The project aims to create a Corpus Praesocraticorum Herculanense (CPH), i.e. the first comprehensive collection of the evidence for Presocratic philosophers contained in the Herculaneum papyri. The CPH will include a critical edition preceded by a philosophical introduction and accompanied by an English translation and a commentary. In the renowned Fragmente der Vorsokratiker (and, even before, in the Doxographi Graeci) Hermann Diels included altogether 60 Herculanean sources spread over a list of 24 Presocratic authors. The passages at issue concerned only two pieces of evidence for Democritus in Epicurus' masterpiece On Nature, three testimonia for Empedocles and one for Democritus in Demetrius Laco's works contained in PHerc. 1012 (Opus incertum) and PHerc. 1014 (On Poems, Book 2) respectively, but above all a very large number of testimonia in several works by Philodemus of Gadara (especially in his treatise On Piety). Nowadays, the Presocratic doxography can be greatly enriched by more reliable editions of Herculanean texts. As a matter of fact, Diels relied on editions of Herculanean texts which were not principally founded on autopsy of the original manuscripts and, even when this was the case, the previous editors did not dispose of any modern technology (viz. microscopes and multispectral images) for doing this successfully. This fault caused him, on the one hand, to exclude from his collection some actual Presocratic evidence and to include in it, on the other, some Herculanean texts having nothing to do with the Presocratics. In fact, if one considers fragments, doxographical information, reminiscences and simple name quotations, the Herculanean testimonia for Presocratic philosophers (ca. 180 pieces of evidence) almost triples the Diels-Kranz selection. This situation makes clear the strong impact that a comprehensive edition of them could have for a new collection of the Presocratics' fragments and for a better understanding of the Epicurean judgment on Presocratic physics, cosmology, ethics and theology. The project has a both papyrological and philosophical purpose. The former consists in enhancing our knowledge of Presocratic thought by substituting and integrating the relevant Herculanean sections of the Diels-Kranz collection, the latter deals for the first time in a systematic way with the complex relationship between Presocratic philosophy and Epicureanism.

该项目的目的是创建一个《赫库兰手稿》（Corpus Praesocraticorum Herculanense，CPH），即第一个全面收集《赫库兰手稿》中所包含的前苏格拉底哲学家的证据。该CPH将包括一个关键的版本之前，哲学介绍，并附有英文翻译和评论。在著名的Fragmente der Vorsokratiker（甚至在此之前，在Doxographi Graeci）中，赫尔曼·迪尔斯总共包括了60个赫库兰来源，分布在24个前苏格拉底作者的名单上。有争议的段落只涉及伊壁鸠鲁的杰作《论自然》中德谟克利特的两个证据，《费尔克》中包含的德谟克利特的三个证词和一个德谟克利特的证词。1012（Opus incertum）和PHerc. 1014（论诗，书2）分别，但最重要的是一个非常大量的证词，在几个作品的Philodemus的Gadara（特别是在他的论文虔诚）。如今，Presocratic doxography可以大大丰富了更可靠的版本Herculanean文本。作为一个事实上，迪尔斯依赖于版本的赫库兰文本并不主要建立在解剖的原始手稿，即使是这种情况下，以前的编辑没有处置任何现代技术（即显微镜和多光谱图像）这样做成功。这一错误导致他一方面从他的收藏中排除了一些实际的前苏格拉底证据，另一方面又包括了一些与前苏格拉底无关的赫库兰文本。事实上，如果一个人考虑片段，doxographic信息，回忆和简单的名字报价，Herculanean testimonia为前苏格拉底哲学家（约。180件证据）几乎是Diels-Kranz选择的三倍。这种情况清楚地表明，一个全面的版本，他们可以有一个新的收集前苏格拉底的碎片和更好地理解伊壁鸠鲁判断前苏格拉底的物理学，宇宙学，伦理学和神学的强烈影响。这个项目有一个纸草学和哲学的目的。前者在于通过替换和整合狄尔斯-克兰茨文集中的有关赫库兰部分来增强我们对前苏格拉底思想的认识，后者则首次系统地论述了前苏格拉底哲学与伊壁鸠鲁主义之间的复杂关系。