GRK 412: Classicism and Romanticism in the European Context. The Aesthetic Invention of Modernity in Literature, the Fine Arts, Music, and the Culture of Every-Day Life

“古典主义”和“浪漫主义”的美学概念在欧洲文学和艺术中以不同的民族表现形式出现在不同的历史时期。文学批评和美学批评迄今倾向于把这些现象作为彼此孤立的现象来分析。此外，“古典主义”和“浪漫主义”通常被视为根本不同和竞争的概念。然而，研究培训小组将这两个美学运动视为互补的系统，作为危机和变革时期的功能模型，以保护和维护民族和欧洲身份。这两个体系都被理解为现代性的表现，作为对现代化的推力的反应，不是以孤立的方式对待美学概念，而是嵌入到与心理史和科学史有关的背景中。我们试图确立“古典主义-浪漫主义复合体”的功能和历史地位，将把重点放在1750年至1830年的关键阶段，即“萨特时代”。然而，早期的预比喻，如17和18世纪世纪在法国，意大利或英国的美学概念，以及后来的形式，如1900年左右的新古典主义和新浪漫主义以及后现代主义，也将被考虑在内。我们将在文学领域内寻找特定的国家星座，并研究这些星座的中介和发展过程。与此同时，各种艺术形式，文学，音乐，美术和建筑之间的相互关系将是一个讨论的问题。最后，在其各种表现形式的美学话语将检查其对日常文化现象的影响，对什么是“经典”或“浪漫”的主导概念如何影响行为规范，以及它们如何工作，以塑造日常生活的模式的问题。

The aesthetic concepts of 'classicism' and 'romanticism' appeared in European literature and art in various national manifestations and at different points in history. Literary and aesthetic criticism have so far tended to analyse these phenomena as isolated from one another. Furthermore, 'classicism' and 'romanticism' are generally seen as fundamentally divergent and competing concepts. The research training group, however, regards these two aesthetic movements as complementary systems developed as functional models in times of crisis and change in order to protect and preserve national and European identities. Both systems are understood as manifestations of modernity, as reactions to the thrust of modernisation, treating aesthetic concepts not in an isolated fashion but embedded in contexts pertaining to the history of mentality and the history of science. Our attempts to establish the function and historical place of the 'classicism-romanticism complex' will focus on the crucial phase, the 'Sattelzeit', between 1750 and 1830. However, earlier pre-figurations, such as 17th and 18th century aesthetic concepts in France, Italy or England, and later forms like neo-classicism and neo-romanticism around 1900 as well as in postmodernism, will also be taken into account. We will seek out the specific national constellations within the literary field and examine the processes by which these are mediated and developed. At the same time, interrelations between various art forms, literature, music, the fine arts, and architecture, will be an issue for discussion. Finally, the aesthetic discourse in its various manifestations will be examined as to its bearings on phenomena of every-day culture, on the question of how dominant notions of what is 'classic' or 'romantic' influence norms of behaviour and how they work to shape patterns of daily life.