Industrial cities: Crisis, perception of crises and alternatives in urban development in the second half of the 20th century

工业城市：20世纪下半叶城市发展的危机、危机认知和替代方案

• 批准号: 272096603
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Martina Heßler
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Fachgebiet Technikgeschichte
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/272096603?language=en
• 关键词: Industrial; cities; Crisis; perception; crises

Historical research on industrial cities has mainly focused on processes of industrialization and growth, including the "socialist city". Times of decrease and decline, however, have not gained much attention. Particularly the interdependency and relationship of growth, shrinking, and the transformation of cities have not been systematical studied. Moreover, research on middle-sized cities and comparative studies are lacking. Finally, historical research on industrial cities has neglected to develop a proper theoretical framework of analysis to explain and contextualize empirical results. Theoretical models - such as the concept of path dependency - have been largely ignored. With the explanatory potential of path dependency at its heart, the planned project intends to ask for the potential of such a framework within which to base its empirically dense results. The project concentrates, firstly, on the perceptions and effects of crisis and, secondly, on the strategies employed in overcoming these crises in industrial cities. Four in-depth case studies revolve around the experience of and the reactions to crisis in industrial centers. These case studies deliberately cover different types of industrial sectors: Rüsselsheim and Wolfsburg as automobile cities, Völklingen as steel town, and Wilhelmshaven as port city. For these industrial centers, the proposed project comparatively examines the networks, the coalitions of actors and their scope of action. The comparison additionally analyses the increasing global economic interdependency and the competition between the four cities in question. It thus contributes to a better understanding of the concept and manifestations of deindustrialization in German cities in the second half of the 20th century. In all, the project intends to demonstrate the societal relevance of the twin processes of deindustrialization and transformation by both comparing different types of cities and developing a model to explain these changes.

工业城市的历史研究主要集中在工业化和增长的过程中，包括“社会主义城市”。然而，减少和下降的时间没有得到太多的关注。特别是城市的增长、萎缩和转型之间的相互依存关系和相互关系还没有得到系统的研究。此外，对中等城市的研究和比较研究也很缺乏。最后，对工业城市的历史研究忽视了发展一个适当的理论分析框架来解释和背景化实证结果。理论模型--如路径依赖概念--在很大程度上被忽视了。以路径依赖的解释潜力为核心，计划中的项目打算寻求这样一个框架的潜力，在这个框架内建立其经验密集的结果。该项目首先集中于对危机的认识和影响，其次集中于工业城市克服这些危机所采用的战略。四个深入的案例研究围绕着工业中心的经验和对危机的反应。这些案例研究特意涵盖了不同类型的工业部门：吕塞尔斯海姆和沃尔夫斯堡是汽车城，弗尔克林根是钢铁城，威廉港是港口城市。对于这些工业中心，拟议的项目比较研究的网络，联盟的行为者和他们的行动范围。该比较还分析了全球经济相互依赖性的增加和四个城市之间的竞争。因此，它有助于更好地理解的概念和表现形式的德国城市在20世纪世纪后半叶的非工业化。总之，该项目旨在通过比较不同类型的城市和开发一个模型来解释这些变化，来展示去工业化和转型这两个过程的社会相关性。