Histories of Faulty Humans

有缺陷的人类的历史

• 批准号: 461903051
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Martina Heßler
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Fachgebiet Technikgeschichte
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2020-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/461903051?language=en
• 关键词: Histories; Faulty; Humans

The application is for a six-month temporary replacement which will extend a regular sabbatical term. The aim is to complete a book on the history of “the faulty human being”. The project investigates the historicity of the topos of faulty humans with respect to the definition of ‘faulty’ in comparison to technology. The book argues that since the 19th century a new conceptual framework for human deficiency has emerged by comparing humans with technology. This topos has become ubiquitous in the 20th century and still determines discourses on technology today.Unlike philosophical-anthropological theories of man as a deficient creature, the book does not assume that human beings are biologically deficient by "nature", but ask for the cultural ascription of faultiness. Therefore, the book analyses the changes in the ways in which human faultiness was culturally ascribed in different life-world contexts (such as work, thinking, interpersonal relationships, to name but a few) and with reference to different technologies (e.g. mechanical machine, computer, AI). This will demonstrate the historical shifts and pluralities in fault-ascriptions.The history of the faulty human being in relation to technology is not just interesting for its own sake. Instead, the book argues that this topos represents a fundamental configuration of modernity with a deep and enduring impact. It legitimized technology, shaped concepts of man and machine as well as concepts of society, especially in connecting the idea of overcoming human faults to the promise of a better world. However, the topos has always been controversial. For this very reason it is very well suited for investigating negotiation processes about concepts of man and machine and concepts of society. Thus, the project will delineate the systematic place of the topos in modernity as distinct from the deficiency theories based on biologist conceptions and philosophical anthropology.

申请的是为期六个月的临时替换，这将延长一个正常的休假期限。其目的是完成一本关于“有缺陷的人”的历史的书。该项目调查了与技术相比，有缺陷的人类的拓扑结构在定义上的历史性。这本书认为，自19世纪以来，通过将人与技术进行比较，出现了一个关于人类缺陷的新概念框架。这一话题在20世纪已经变得无处不在，并在今天仍然决定着关于技术的话语。与哲学-人类学关于人是缺陷生物的理论不同，这本书并没有假设人类在生物学上是“自然”的缺陷，而是要求将缺陷归因于文化。因此，这本书分析了在不同的生活世界背景下(如工作、思维、人际关系等)和参考不同的技术(如机械、计算机、人工智能)，人类不完美在文化上被归因于的方式的变化。这将展示错误归属的历史转移和多样性。与技术相关的错误人类的历史不仅仅是因为它本身而有趣。相反，这本书认为，这种拓扑结构代表了现代性的一种基本形态，具有深刻而持久的影响。它使技术合法化，塑造了人和机器的概念以及社会的概念，特别是在将克服人类缺点的想法与更美好世界的承诺联系起来方面。然而，Topos一直备受争议。由于这个原因，它非常适合于研究关于人和机器的概念和社会概念的谈判过程。因此，该项目将勾勒出拓朴在现代性中的系统地位，区别于基于生物学家概念和哲学人类学的缺陷理论。