Engineering the Sacred; Administrating the Soul: the Plurality and Pluralization of Early Modern Catholicism in Roman Censorship of Sacramental and Devotional Writings 1643-1713

工程神圣；

• 批准号: 273676372
• 负责人: Dr. Bruno Boute, Ph.D.
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Geschichte der Frühen Neuzeit
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/273676372?language=en
• 关键词: Engineering; Sacred; Administrating; Soul; Plurality

This Proposal wishes to investigate the dynamics of plurality and pluralisation in non-pluralist communities in Early Modern Europe. Inspired by paradigm shifts in post-Durkheimian Anthropology and in Organisation Sociology, it aims at tracking religious plurality within early modern confessions: not as a phenomenon on the fringes but as a mediator of religious change on par with urges towards uniformisation privileged in scholarship. Religious practices and rites, the central theme, should be a case in point. The orthopractic turn in early modern Catholicism, the obsession of authorities with correct sacramental and devotional practice, might well have been a strategy to cover up the failure to achieve doctrinal unity in disruptive debates on Divine Grace, Infallibility, the Immaculate Conception etcetera. Because this orthopractic turn, and the polemics it triggered, was largely conducted via the printing presses, sacramental treatises, devotional mass literature, confraternity books, printed theses etcetera offer the researcher an exquisite vantage point to verify this hypothesis.The decades between 1643 and 1713 constitute a quintessential moment in the polemics of Jansenism, Quesnellianism, Quietism. These polemics are not the central focus, although they provide a wealth of information. The line of approach is constituted by practices that developed in tandem with a quickly evolving book culture: censorship, more specifically the highly institutionalised censorship exercised by the Roman congregations. Recent historiography has viewed censorship not merely as a means of social disciplining, but also as a cultural and cognitive practice. Sources drafted in the context of preventive and repressive censorship offer a rare insight in texts and in writing processes pertaining to religious practices and rites.This line of approach offers, firstly, specific analytical advantages in a research project that focusses on religious practice in a so-called orthodoxic religion. Secondly, it furnishes an extraordinarily rich body of sources preserved in various archives of the Holy See. And, thirdly, it introduces a specific research population: papal censors and (other) bureaucrats that were active in the Congregations of the Inquisition, the Index, and other ministries of the Roman curia: participants to an expert culture who considered themselves administrators of a rigid hierarchy within a monolithic Church Militant.In line with its premises, this project therefore aims at investigating whether and how these bureaucrats of the Faith paradoxically might have facilitated or fuelled plurality and pluralisation in early modern Catholicism(s). This Habilitation project (Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Birgit Emich, Chair for Early Modern History, Frankfurt) is therefore to be situated at the crossroads of cultural history, religious history, and the history of science and ideas.

本提案旨在探讨近代早期欧洲非多元主义社区中的多元主义和多元化动态。受后涂尔干人类学和组织社会学范式转变的启发，它旨在跟踪早期现代信仰中的宗教多元化：不是作为边缘现象，而是作为宗教变革的调解人，与学术界对统一化的渴望相提并论。作为中心主题的宗教习俗和仪式应该是一个恰当的例子。近代早期天主教的正统转向，当局对正确的圣礼和灵修实践的痴迷，很可能是一种策略，以掩盖在关于神圣恩典、无谬性、无染原罪等破坏性辩论中未能实现教义统一的失败。由于这种正统的转向及其引发的争论主要是通过印刷机进行的，因此圣礼论文、大众灵修文学、兄弟会书籍、印刷论文等为研究者提供了一个绝佳的Vantage来验证这一假设。1643年至1713年的几十年构成了詹森主义、奎斯内利主义、静修主义争论的典型时刻。这些论战虽然提供了丰富的信息，但并不是中心焦点。这种方法是由与快速发展的图书文化同步发展的实践构成的：审查，更具体地说，是由罗马教会实施的高度制度化的审查。近年来的历史编纂不仅将审查制度视为一种社会规训手段，而且还将其视为一种文化和认知实践。在预防性和压制性审查的背景下起草的资料提供了关于宗教实践和仪式的文本和写作过程的罕见见解，这种方法首先为一个侧重于所谓正统宗教的宗教实践的研究项目提供了具体的分析优势。第二，它保存了在罗马教廷各种档案中保存的非常丰富的资料。第三，它介绍了一个特定的研究群体：教皇审查员和（其他）官僚，他们活跃在宗教裁判所的会众、索引和罗马教廷的其他部门：参与者的专家文化谁认为自己的行政人员的严格等级制度内的一个单一的教会好战。根据其前提，因此，本项目旨在调查这些信仰官僚是否以及如何自相矛盾地促进或助长了早期现代天主教的多元化和多元化。因此，这个Hessel项目（主管：法兰克福早期现代史教授Birgit Emich博士）将位于文化史，宗教史以及科学和思想史的十字路口。