Organization, function and evolution of marsupial Y chromosomes

有袋动物 Y 染色体的组织、功能和进化

• 批准号: DP0772030
• 负责人: Prof Jennifer Graves
• 金额: $ 42.64万
• 依托单位: The Australian National University
• 依托单位国家: 澳大利亚
• 项目类别: Discovery Projects
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 澳大利亚
• 起止时间: 2007-01-01 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://dataportal.arc.gov.au/RGS/Web/Grants/DP0772030
• 关键词: Organization; function; evolution; marsupial; chromosomes

The Y chromosome of humans and other mammals contains only a few genes, most specialized for male sex and reproduction. How the Y chromosome evolved to be so peculiar has been debated for 90 years. It began as an ordinary chromosome, but has degraded until there is almost nothing left, and it is likely to disappear in about 13 million years. Molecular characterization of the Y chromosomes of distantly related mammals could serve to 're-run the evolutionary tape', but the Y chromosome has been left out of whole genome sequencing because it is hard to do efficiently. We developed a novel technique to isolate DNA sequences and genes on the Y chromosome in three species of marsupials, which are especially valuable because they are so different from human and mouse.

人类和其他哺乳动物的Y染色体只包含几个基因，大多数专门用于男性性别和生殖。Y染色体是如何进化成如此奇特的，已经争论了90年。它开始是一个普通的染色体，但已经退化，直到几乎没有留下，它很可能在大约1300万年后消失。远亲哺乳动物Y染色体的分子特征可以用来“重新运行进化磁带”，但Y染色体已经被排除在全基因组测序之外，因为它很难有效地进行。我们开发了一种新的技术来分离三种有袋动物Y染色体上的DNA序列和基因，这是特别有价值的，因为它们与人类和小鼠非常不同。