The role of PILMACs and of the genes bubbles and schwächling during muscle development in Drosophila melanogaster

在果蝇胚胎发生过程中，肌肉模式建立，细胞与细胞融合形成多核肌管。具有融合能力的成肌细胞（fcm）与建立细胞(FCs)/生长的肌管融合。通过核糖激酶（进入ATP合成），我们确定了一种新的基本生化途径，用于肌肉形成的方正细胞（FC）的测定和融合。从单个融合位点来看，FuRMASs是建立的、具有信号特性的瞬时细胞粘附结构。在这里，细胞粘附分子、信号分子、F-肌动蛋白及其调节因子确实聚集。在超微结构水平上，单个融合位点的特征是相对膜上的囊泡云，面积为1mm2，称为预融合复合体。重要的是，我们确定了FuRMAS的两种新成分：1)作为对立膜上融合相关分子聚集的候选物的Tetraspanins，以及2)Kosh，一种EF手，被认为是Ca2+结合蛋白。作为融合过程中膜弯曲的可能候选者，我们鉴定了一个基因，该基因预计编码具有两个假定跨膜结构域的C2结构域蛋白。我们的中心目标是对这些新发现的融合相关分子进行功能分析，并将其整合到与FuRMASs拓扑相关的融合相关信号级联中。

During Drosophila embryogenesis, the muscle pattern is established and cell-cell fusion leads to multinucleated myotubes. Fusion-competent myoblasts (FCMs) fuse to founder cells (FCs)/growing myotubes. With Ribokinase (entry into ATP synthesis), we identified a new essential biochemical pathway for myogenesis with respect to Founder Cell (FC) determination and fusion. Looking at the individual site of fusion, FuRMASs are established, transient cell adhesion structures with signalling properties. Here, cell adhesion molecules, signalling molecules, F- actin, and its regulators do accumulate. At the ultrastructural level the individual fusion site is characterised by a cloud of vesicles at the opposing membranes over an area of 1mm2, named prefusion complex. Importantly, we identified two new components of the FuRMAS: 1) Tetraspanins as candidates for clustering of fusion-relevant molecules at the opposing membranes, and 2) Kosh, an EF hand, putatively Ca2+-binding protein. As a likely candidate for membrane bending during fusion, we identified a gene, which is predicted to encode a C2 domain protein with two putative transmembrane domains. Our central goals are the functional analysis of these newly identified fusion-relevant molecules and their integration into the fusion-relevant signalling cascades with respect to the topology of the FuRMASs.