Major General Aleksei Aleksandrovich von Lampe and the Russian Èmigré community in Berlin 1923-1945

俄罗斯流亡者阿列克谢·冯·兰佩（Aleksei von Lampe）在柏林的俄罗斯流亡者聚居区是一个引人注目的人物。他从1919年到1965年所写的详细日记，是俄国柏林的一份特殊记录。本研究项目分析了阿列克谢·冯·兰佩的一生。他的日记是主要的第一手资料。该项目主要关注兰普在柏林居住的1923年至1945年期间。该项目的展望将简要介绍战后时期。冯·兰普成为俄国柏林的关键人物，因为他在俄国内战期间作为忠诚的君主主义者与布尔什维克作战，并在1920年白军战败后移居国外。在柏林，他是“全俄军事联盟”的代表，该联盟旨在组织白军移民。冯·兰佩在苏联柏林覆灭后仍留在柏林，他与国家社会主义者合作的决定令人瞩目。在第二次世界大战期间，他甚至试图组织一个移民师，旨在与红军作战。战争结束后，兰佩先搬到慕尼黑，然后搬到巴黎，1967年在那里去世。本研究项目追求四个不同但又相关的目标，但尚未进行分析：1。范兰佩的自传体实践将通过他的日记进行分析。这一部分将把日记作为主要来源，并通过讨论写日记这一行为本身来分析冯·兰普的意图。2. 通过这种传记的方式，将探索冯·兰佩在革命、移民和第二次世界大战期间的经历。本节将特别关注他的政治信仰和他在1920年至1950年德国急剧变化的环境中的自我定位。3. 基于冯兰普的人际关系，俄罗斯殖民地将作为一个网络进行分析，以获得关于殖民地内部结构的知识。4. 最后，将详细介绍冯兰佩对俄罗斯流亡者殖民地生活和德国发展的评估，以便根据对流亡者的个人和集体思维模式、价值体系和行动范围的内部观点得出结论。为了公正地对待这个研究项目的目标，尽管原始材料的密度，分析集中在几个选定的关键年份：1923年标志着所谓的俄罗斯柏林的高峰阶段。1925年，冯·兰佩卷入了一场由支持法国的间谍指控引起的法律纠纷。1928年，兰佩通过全俄军事联盟获得的经济支持结束了，这导致他的生活方式发生了巨大的变化。1933年，冯·兰普被盖世太保逮捕，他的女儿也死了。1939年至1945年间，由于德国政局的多变和不稳定，冯·兰佩频繁地重新定位自己。1957年，冯·兰佩成为巴黎全俄军事联盟的主席。

The Russian emigre Aleksei von Lampe is a flamboyant figure within the Russian emigre colony in Berlin. His detailed diary, which he kept from 1919 to 1965, is an exceptional chronic of the Russian Berlin. This research project analyses the life of Aleksei von Lampe. His diary serves as the main primary source. The project mainly focuses on the period from 1923 to 1945 during which Lampe resided in Berlin. The project's outlook will briefly deal with the post-war period. Von Lampe became a key figure of the Russian Berlin, because he fought as a committed monarchist against the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War and emigrated after the defeat of the Whites in 1920. In Berlin, he represented the "All-Russian Military Union", which was supposed to organize the White Army in emigration. Von Lampe stayed in the city even after the demise of the Russian Berlin and his decision to cooperate with the National Socialists is remarkable. During the Second World War he even attempted to organize an emigre division, which was intended to fight against the Red Army. After the war, Lampe relocated first to Munich and then to Paris, where he died in 1967. This research project pursues four distinct but related aims, which are not analyzed yet: 1. Von Lampe's autobiographical practice will be analyzed using his diary. This part will deal with the diary as a primary source and analyzes von Lampe's intentions by discussing the mere act of writing a diary itself. 2. Through this biographic approach, von Lampe's experiences during the revolution, emigration and the Second World War will be explored. This section will particularly focus on his political beliefs and his self-positioning in the dramatically changing circumstances in Germany between 1920 and 1950. 3. Based on von Lampe's interpersonal relationships the Russian colony will then be analyzed as a network in order to gain knowledge about the internal structures of the colony. 4. Finally, von Lampe's assessment of life in the Russian emigre colony and of the developments in Germany will be presented in detail in order to draw conclusions based on an internal perspective about individual and collective thinking patterns, value systems and the scope of action of the emigres. To do justice to the objectives of this research project despite the density of the source material, the analysis focuses on a few selected key years: 1923 marks the peak stage of the so-called Russian Berlin. In 1925 von Lampe was involved in a legal dispute caused by an accusation of espionage in favour of France. 1928 saw the end of Lampe's financial support through the All-Russian Military Union, which led to a dramatic change in his way of life. In 1933 von Lampe was arrested by the Gestapo and his daughter died. Between 1939 and 1945, von Lampe repositioned himself frequently due to the changeable and unsteady political situation in Germany. In 1957, von Lampe became head of the All-Russian Military Union in Paris.