Settlement and Landscape History of the Northern Franconian Jura during the Bronze and Iron Ages

这个分三个阶段的研究项目致力于在考古和地质考古发现的基础上，重建青铜和铁器时代（约公元前2100年至公元前30年）德国中部高地的定居模式和开发策略，以弗兰科尼亚汝拉北部的维斯梅因河集水区为例。项目第一阶段致力于展示青铜和铁器时代定居点的存在，并寻找高地经济利用的证据，第二阶段侧重于两个先前有记录的地区，详细分析长期以来定居点模式和当地土地利用的连续性和变化。通过结合大规模考古挖掘、有针对性的测试沟和大量挖掘发现的年代测定方法，建议的第二阶段旨在提供有关单个沉降阶段的沉降规模和结构的信息。从沉降环境中未受干扰的土壤剖面中提取的样本将提供信息，以从年代地层学的角度了解在过去的土地利用和伴随的土壤侵蚀过程中迁移的沉积物。为了量化和更好地区分这些定居点内及其邻近地区的活动，使用生物标志物的分子水平分析将补充宏观和木炭测试以及微形态土壤分析的成熟方法。预计对这些数据的详细收集和分析将导致对自给农业以及景观和植被变化的新见解，最终目标是开发当地土地利用模型。该项目的第三阶段是由我们的研究伙伴、来自吉埃恩大学自然地理系的M. Fuchs开发一个大型景观演变模型，该阶段已经由第三方资助。

This three-stage research project is dedicated to the reconstruction of settlement patterns and exploitation strategies of the Central German Uplands in the Bronze and Iron Age (about 2100 - 30 BC) on the basis of archaeological and geoarchaeological findings, using the catchment area of the river Weismain in the northern Franconian Jura as sample case. While the first project stage was committed to demonstrate the existence of Bronze and Iron Age settlements, and finding evidence of the economic use of the uplands, the second stage focuses on two previously documented areas with a detailed analysis of continuities and changes in settlement patterns and local land use over an extended time period.By combining methodologies of broad-scale archaeological excavation, targeted test trenches and the dating of a large number of excavated findings, the proposed second stage intents to provide information on settlement size and structure regarding the individual settlement phases. Samples from undisturbed soil profiles in the settlement environment shall provide information to chronostratigraphically understand the sediments displaced in the course of past land use and concomitant soil erosion. In order to quantify and better differentiate the activities within these settlements, and in their immediate vicinity, molecular-level analyzes using biomarkers will complement the proven methodology of macro and charcoal tests, as well as micromorphological soil analysis. It is expected that the detailed collection and analysis of this data will lead to new insights on subsistence farming, as well as landscape and vegetation changes, with the ultimate goal to develop a local land use model.The third stage of the project, the development of a large scale landscape evolution model by our research partner M. Fuchs from the Physical Geography Department of the University of Gießen, is already financed by a third-party.