Quantum and thermal corrections to dark matter annihilation

对暗物质湮灭的量子和热修正

• 批准号: 282968057
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Martin Beneke
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Elementarteilchenphysik (T31)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/282968057?language=en
• 关键词: Quantum; thermal; corrections; dark; matter

As dark matter observation and detection capabilities become more precise and more diverse, theoretical calculations based on tree-level annihilation are often no longer sufficient. The proposed project focuses on dark matter processes and models where loop effects are important. In the absence of definitive non-gravitational evidence of dark matter, the goal is not so much on precision physics, but on quantum effects, which are large and result in order one or qualitative modifications of dark matter annihilation. These affect the freeze-out of the relic abundance of dark matter particles in the early Universe through the Sommerfeld effect, as well as dark matter annihilation today. Here the Sommerfeld effect and large electroweak logarithms as well as electroweak gauge-boson radiation may result in modifications of photon, neutrino and charged-particle spectra detectable in cosmic rays. The project addresses these loop effects through methods more familiar from collider physics (effective field theory, renormalization-group evolution, resummation techniques) and combines them with dark matter phenomenology. It focuses mainly on heavy weakly interacting dark matter particles (WIMPs) with mass larger than the electroweak scale, where the above effects are large. In addition, the influence of the hot thermal plasma on the freeze-out process will be investigated. For generic dark matter annihilation these investigations are of purely theoretical interest and clarify fundamental questions of infrared finiteness. However, this is no longer the case when parts of the annihilation process are sensitive to scales commensurate with the temperature of the plasma, as is the case for the Sommerfeld effect.

随着暗物质观测和探测能力变得越来越精确和多样化，基于树级湮灭的理论计算往往不再足够。拟议的项目侧重于暗物质过程和模型，其中循环效应很重要。在缺乏暗物质的明确的非引力证据的情况下，目标不是精确的物理学，而是量子效应，量子效应很大，导致暗物质湮灭的一阶或定性修改。这些通过索末菲效应影响了早期宇宙中暗物质粒子残留丰度的冻结，以及今天的暗物质湮灭。索末菲效应和大的电弱能谱以及电弱规范玻色子辐射可能导致宇宙射线中可探测到的光子、中微子和带电粒子谱的改变。该项目通过对撞机物理学中更熟悉的方法（有效场论，重整化群演化，再确认技术）来解决这些回路效应，并将它们与暗物质现象学相结合。它主要集中在质量大于电弱尺度的重弱相互作用暗物质粒子（WIMP）上，其中上述效应很大。此外，将研究热等离子体对冻结过程的影响。对于一般的暗物质湮灭，这些研究纯粹是理论上的兴趣，并澄清了红外有限性的基本问题。然而，当湮没过程的一部分对与等离子体温度相称的尺度敏感时，情况就不再是这样了，索末菲效应就是这样。