HORUS - dynamic wastewater characterisation by spectrophotometry (UV-Vis)

近年来，光谱在线测量方法越来越多地建立，以产生废水系统的多种水质信息。污水组分在合流制排水系统中的动态传输过程的描述，到目前为止是基于不同的测量不确定性。其原因是常见的静态校准方法没有考虑废水成分的变化。在该项目中，将开发一种适应与天气相关的径流条件的动态校准方法，以便在各种边界条件下分别对废水参数化学需氧量（COD）和总悬浮固体（TSS）及其分数和粒度分布进行可靠的量化。其基础将通过以下方式提供：根据径流条件（即，干燥和潮湿天气以及混合条件）确定不同废水成分的单独校准函数，以及开发校准函数之间的自动切换函数或开发动态积分校准函数。使用紫外-可见分光光度法作为测量方法，可以同时和连续地检测多个状态变量，这允许实现动态质量传输过程的详细描述和建模。在德累斯顿市，测量活动将在具有合流下水道系统的城市子集水区以及接收合流下水道溢流的河流中进行。将使用流速计在线和连续记录特定事件的化合物迁移现象。在事件期间，将在实验室集中收集和分析样本，以校准和定量解释光谱信号。详细和良好分辨的光谱信息的分析是基于回归模型，这是从一个单一的和多变量的方法的比较评价提取。对于COD及其分级以及TSS和粒度等级，将针对各种操作条件开发校准功能，并通过测量活动进行验证和验证。将使用光谱在线信号对各种基于条件的校准功能之间的切换标准进行评估和自动化。通过数值模拟，应评估改进测量的潜力。为此，将开发一种充分的校准算法，考虑到流动和质量传输过程的动态，这反映了基于测量的信息的高时间分辨率。所创建的模型将最终用于调查第一次冲洗引起的化合物负荷峰值和由此产生的急性接收水的影响，以及评估的结果相比，与传统的建模产生的改进。

In recent years, the spectral online measurement approach was increasingly established to generate multiple water quality information on wastewater systems. The description of dynamic transport processes of wastewater constituents in combined sewer systems is up to now based on distinct measurement uncertainty. The reason for this is the common static calibration approach that does not take changing wastewater composition into consideration. Within the project, a dynamic calibration approach adapting to the weather-related runoff conditions will be developed, in order to enable a robust quantification of the wastewater parameters chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solids (TSS) as well as their fractions and size class distribution, respectively, under various boundary conditions. The basis of this will be provided by identifying separate calibration functions for different wastewater compositions depending on runoff conditions, i.e. dry- and wet-weather as well as mixed conditions, and by developing an automatic switching function between the calibration functions or by developing a dynamic integrating calibration function. Using the UV-Vis spectrophotometry as a measurement method, several state variables can be detected simultaneously and continuously, which allows to implement a detailed description and modelling of dynamic mass transport processes. In the city of Dresden, measurement campaigns will be realized at sites in urban sub-catchments with combined sewer systems as well as in rivers receiving combined sewer overflows. Event-specific compounds transport phenomena will be recorded online and continuously with spectrophotometers. During the events, samples will be collected intensely and analyzed in the laboratory for calibration and quantitative interpretation of the spectral signals. The analysis of detailed and well-resolved spectral information is based on regression models, which are extracted from a comparative evaluation of uni- and multivariate approaches. For COD and its fractionation as well as for TSS and particle size classes, calibration functions will be developed for various operation conditions and validated and verified with the measurement campaigns. Criteria for switching between the various condition-based calibration functions will be evaluated and automated using the spectral online signals. By means of numerical simulation, the potential of the improved measurements shall be evaluated. For that, an adequate calibration algorithm considering the dynamics of flow and mass transport processes will be developed, which reflects the high temporal resolution of measurement-based information. The created model will finally be used to investigate first-flush induced compounds load peaks and resulting acute receiving water impacts as well as to evaluate the improvements of the outcomes as compared to those produced with conventional modelling.