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Fire as a key driver for long term ecosystem structure, functioning and biodiversity in central-eastern Europe.

火灾是中东欧长期生态系统结构、功能和生物多样性的关键驱动因素。

基本信息

批准号：
283298243
负责人：
Dr. Angelica Nicoleta Feurdean
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Physische Geographie (IPG)
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2014-12-31 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/283298243?language=en
关键词：
Fire key driver long term

项目摘要

In Central Eastern (CE) Europe, fire size and severity is anticipated to increase in the coming decades as a response to warmer and drier summers with a longer fire season and biomass accumulation following agriculture abandonment. This raises concerns about the future trajectory of fire regimes and post-fire vegetation dynamics. The aim of this project is twofold, one is to understand fire regime dynamics under a range of past environmental conditions and anthropogenic land use schemes throughout new, high-resolution macro-charcoal records from vegetation sensitive to fire from this region: temperate coniferous mountain forests, boreal forests and temperate grasslands. The other is to provide the research community with a critical synthesis of charcoal records spanning CE Europe, a "white spot" in terms of the spatial coverage and high-resolution charcoal records. These charcoal records will be evaluated in combination with other proxy- and modelled data sets of past climate, vegetation, land cover and land use, to facilitate a critical examination of the patterns, drivers and consequences of biomass burning over multiple spatial and temporal scales. The methodology includes sampling and analyses of micro and macro-charcoal, charred remains, molecular fire markers, fossil pollen, mineral magnetic properties, establishment of age chronologies in conjunction with archaeological data and available reconstructed and modelled climate conditions and LPJ-GUESS vegetation model. This proposal addresses highly relevant questions with respect to the ecological effect of fire on temperate grasslands and boreal and temperate forests in Europe. It also aims to close important knowledge gaps with respect to long-term interaction and feedback mechanisms between fire, climate, vegetation, and anthropogenic impact in the past. This is a vital prerequisite for a better understanding of processes that cannot be observed directly at present day, but which need to be taken into account when defining optimal fire frequencies under a range of environmental conditions and anthropogenic land use schemes to maintain ecosystem functioning and biodiversity.

在中东欧，由于夏季温暖干燥，火灾季节延长，农业废弃后生物量积累，预计未来几十年火灾规模和严重程度将增加。这引起了人们对未来火灾状况和火灾后植被动态的关注。该项目的目的是双重的，一个是了解火制度的动态范围内的过去的环境条件和人为土地利用计划，在整个新的，高分辨率的宏观木炭记录从植被火灾敏感的这一地区：温带针叶林山地森林，寒带森林和温带草原。另一个是提供一个关键的合成木炭记录横跨CE欧洲，一个“白色点”的空间覆盖范围和高分辨率木炭记录的研究界。将结合以往气候、植被、土地覆盖和土地利用的其他代用数据集和模拟数据集对这些木炭记录进行评价，以便于对多个时空尺度上生物量燃烧的模式、驱动因素和后果进行严格审查。方法包括取样和分析微观和宏观木炭、烧焦的遗骸、分子火标、化石花粉、矿物磁性、结合考古数据和现有的重建和模拟气候条件以及LPJ-GUESS植被模型建立年代年表。这项建议涉及火灾对欧洲温带草原和寒带及温带森林的生态影响方面的高度相关问题。它还旨在填补过去火灾、气候、植被和人为影响之间长期相互作用和反馈机制方面的重要知识空白。这是更好地了解目前无法直接观察到的过程的一个重要先决条件，但在确定各种环境条件下的最佳火灾频率和人为土地使用计划时需要考虑到这些过程，以维持生态系统的功能和生物多样性。