Establishment of high-resolution tephrostratigraphic correlations between marine (ODP Sites 964, 967 and 969) and terrestrial (Tenaghi Philippon) climate records in the Eastern Mediterranean region: towards determining leads and lags in abrupt climate cha

该项目的目的是在东地中海地区为海洋同位素阶段（MIS） 12和11建立第一个远端tephra相关性。这种方法将提供可靠的年表，并允许直接的陆海相关性，这是确定气候系统的海洋和陆地组成部分之间的领先和滞后的先决条件。该项目的目标将通过对来自三个ODP站点（站点964 -爱奥尼亚海；站点969和967 -利凡特海）和一个陆地记录（希腊的Tenaghi Philippon）的宏观和特别是隐隐体的高分辨率分析来实现。具体而言，该项目将(i)揭示MIS 12-11期间东地中海地区宏观和隐隐phras的时空分布；在东地中海区域建立直接的陆海关系，特别着重于MIS 12和11内的关键时间间隔。所选的记录特别适合处理拟议项目的目标，因为它们(i)是连续的，完全跨越MIS 12-11；（ii）位于东地中海主要火山源的下风位置；（iii）根据以往的研究和申请人在项目头两年的工作，保存大量的麻风层；（iv）记录过去气候突变的明显信号。在这里要求的第三个项目年，项目目标将通过两个工作包来实现：WP1将使用光学显微镜验证ODP Leg 160岩心中cryptotephras的位置，并使用电子和离子微探针技术确定其地球化学特征；这将有助于确定火山来源，并与项目第一阶段在Tenaghi Philippon探测到的隐火山进行比较。WP1最终将导致在地中海东部建立精确的远端猪瘟相关性。WP2将侧重于tephras的40Ar/39Ar定年，为MIS 12-11在东地中海地区建立第一个陆海相关性，以及评估气候系统的海洋和陆地成分之间的领先和滞后。该项目的成果将是对中更新世最极端冰期（MIS 12）和间冰期（MIS 11）的东地中海地区进行高分辨率地层研究。通过在海洋和陆地记录之间建立精确的陆海相关性，该项目将有助于更好地了解东地中海地区短期气候和环境变化的时空格局。

The project aims to establish the first distal tephra correlations in the Eastern Mediterranean region for Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 12 and 11. This approach will provide robust chronologies and allow direct land-sea correlations, which are a prerequisite for determining leads and lags between marine and terrestrial components of the climate system. The project goals will be achieved via high-resolution analyses of macro- and notably cryptotephras from three ODP sites (Site 964 – Ionian Sea; Sites 969 and 967 – Levantine Sea) and one terrestrial record (Tenaghi Philippon, Greece). Specifically, the project will (i) unravel the spatiotemporal distribution of macro- and cryptotephras during MIS 12–11 in the Eastern Mediterranean region; (ii) establish direct land-sea correlations in the Eastern Mediterranean region, with a particular focus on critical time intervals within MIS 12 and 11. The selected records are particularly well suited for addressing the objectives of the proposed project because they (i) are continuous and span MIS 12–11 completely; (ii) are located downwind with regard to the major Eastern Mediterranean volcanic sources; (iii) preserve numerous tephra layers as shown by previous studies and the applicants’ work during the first two project years; and (iv) record pronounced signals of past abrupt climate change. In the here requested third project year, the project goal will be tackled through two work packages: WP1 will verify the positions of cryptotephras in the ODP Leg 160 cores using light microscopy, and determine their geochemical signature using electron and ion microprobe techniques; this will allow to identify the volcanic sources as well as a comparison with the detected cryptotephras at Tenaghi Philippon during the first phase of the project. WP1 will ultimately lead to the establishment of precise distal tephra correlations in the Eastern Mediterranean. WP2 will focus on the 40Ar/39Ar dating of tephras, the establishment of the first land-sea correlations in the Eastern Mediterranean region for MIS 12–11, and the assessment of leads and lags between marine and terrestrial components of the climate system. The outcome of the project will be a high-resolution tephrostratigraphy for the Eastern Mediterranean region during the most extreme glacial (MIS 12) and interglacial (MIS 11) of the Middle Pleistocene. Through the establishment of precise land-sea correlations between marine and terrestrial records, the project will contribute to a better understanding of the spatiotemporal pattern of short-term climate and environmental variability in the Eastern Mediterranean region.