'Ritual feasting' in the Late Bronze Age in the northwestern Carpathian area -archaeological and scientific aspects

喀尔巴阡山脉西北部地区青铜时代晚期的“仪式盛宴”——考古和科学方面

• 批准号: 287419687
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Carola Metzner-Nebelsick
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Vor- und Frühgeschichtliche Archäologie und Provinzialrömische Archäologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/287419687?language=en
• 关键词: Ritual; feasting; Late; Bronze; Age

Due to the complete excavation of a multiphase Late Bronze Age cult building in the Lapus-Valley of north-western Romania a hitherto unknown type of monument was discovered. It revealed a complex stratigraphy which offered an insight into intricate ritual behavior. A crucial aspect of the rituals revealed in the archaeological record of this site were deposits of feasting activities, presumably for a larger group of people. They were found in the immediate vicinity of the multi-phased cult building and other similarly structured mounds, as could be recognized as a result of geomagnetic surveys. It is the objective of the application to reconstruct the character and extent of these banquets and the depending sacrificial activities in a micro- and supra-regional context. The evaluation and complex analyses of a former excavation project are not part of the proposal at hand.Due to ritual violence the pottery used during the ritual feasting activities underwent a process of severe and deliberate fragmentation. Because of this highly fragmented character of the ceramic findings the project intends to develop new methodological approaches in order to analyze the material from an archaeological, i.e. cultural historical as well as statistical perspective.On the basis of extensive restoration work, micro-stratigraphic observations and by means of the modelling of radiocarbon dates the sequence and frequency of the repetitive feasting rituals shall be resolved into individual chronologically separable events. To gain accurate insights into the nature of the ritual meals, residue analyzes will be carried out; botanical macro fossil analyses and the analyses of animal bones will be done as well. An additional project part comprises of a geomagnetic survey at the site of Bicaz in the western part of the county of Maramures. It should clarify whether the findings in the upper Lapus valley can actually be considered as exceptional or if also here traces of comparable banquets can be discerned.We expect that our hitherto unsatisfactory knowledge of ritual behavior such as ritual feasting in the Late Bronze Age Carpathian area and its long-ranging connectivity be will improved.

由于在罗马尼亚西北部的Lapus山谷中对青铜时代晚期的一个多阶段崇拜建筑的完全挖掘，发现了一种迄今为止未知的纪念碑。它揭示了一个复杂的地层，提供了一个深入了解错综复杂的仪式行为。在这个遗址的考古记录中揭示的仪式的一个重要方面是宴会活动的沉积物，大概是为一个更大的群体。它们是在多阶段的礼拜建筑和其他结构类似的土丘附近发现的，这可以通过地磁测量确认。本文的目的是在微观和超区域的背景下重建这些宴会的性质和范围以及相关的祭祀活动。对以前的挖掘项目进行评估和复杂的分析并不是手头提案的一部分。由于仪式暴力，仪式宴会活动中使用的陶器经历了严重和故意的破碎过程。由于陶瓷发现物的这种高度分散的特征，该项目打算开发新的方法，以便从考古学，即文化历史以及统计学的角度分析材料。在广泛修复工作的基础上，微的地层观察和放射性碳年代的建模手段，重复的宴会仪式的顺序和频率应解决到按时间顺序分开的事件。为了准确了解仪式膳食的性质，将进行残留物分析;还将进行植物宏观化石分析和动物骨骼分析。项目的另一部分是在马拉穆雷县西部的比卡兹进行地磁测量。它应该澄清是否在上拉普斯山谷的发现实际上可以被认为是例外，或者如果也在这里可以辨别出类似的宴会的痕迹。我们希望我们迄今为止不满意的知识仪式行为，如仪式盛宴在青铜时代晚期喀尔巴阡地区及其长期连接将得到改善。