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Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Reservoirs: Mechanisms and Quantification

水库温室气体排放：机制和量化

基本信息

批准号：
288267759
负责人：
Dr. Matthias Koschorreck
金额：
--
依托单位：
Department Seenforschung
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2015-12-31 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/288267759?language=en
关键词：
Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reservoirs Mechanisms

项目摘要

The emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) from inland waters are an important source in the global greenhouse gas (GHG) balance. Reservoirs are particular hot spots of GHG emissions. The GHG emissions are temporally and spatially highly variable. Currently, not much is known about the actual flux rates from temperate reservoirs, and the processes involved are not completely understood. In this project, we would like to quantify the GHG emissions from two German reservoirs. The central topic is the understanding of the regulation of CO2 and CH4 emissions and, especially, to comprehend effects of altering water levels, trophic state and meteorological drivers. We would like to test three major hypotheses:(1) Short term events contribute significantly to the overall balance.(2) Temporal pattern of CO2 and CH4 emission depend on the trophic state of the reservoir and are complexly overlaid by atmospheric effects.(3) The spatial distribution of the flux rate of the two gasses CO2 and CH4 depends differently on internal (e.g., hydro-chemical parameters and water depth) and external interacting factors (e.g., wind, air pressure, radiation and energy balance).The proposed project is placed in the nexus between limnology, hydrology and boundary layer meteorology. We will investigate two different reservoirs, the oligotrophic Rappbode reservoir in the Harz Mountains and the eutrophic reservoir Bautzen in Lusatia. Temporal patterns of CO2 and CH4 emissions will be quantified by a combination of micrometeorological and water side measurements. Central to the project will be a floating Eddy Covariance (EC) measurement system. The conflation of EC flux measurements, concentration measurements in the water body, and meteorological basic data allows the determination of the physical gas transfer coefficient. The spatial variability of GHG emissions will be analysed by floating chamber measurements and ebullition funnels. The measurements of emission rates are accompanied by the analysis of sediment and hydro-chemical parameters, e.g., pH and concentrations of O2, CO2 and CH4 as well as by continuous measurements of energy balance, radiation budget and classical meteorological variables. Proper modelling approaches will be used for generalisation and regionalisation of measurements and project results.

来自内陆沃茨的二氧化碳（CO2）和甲烷（CH4）排放是全球温室气体（GHG）平衡的重要来源。水库是温室气体排放的特别热点。温室气体排放量在时间和空间上变化很大。目前，对温带水库的实际通量率知之甚少，所涉及的过程也不完全清楚。在这个项目中，我们想量化德国两个水库的温室气体排放量。中心议题是了解CO2和CH4排放的调节，特别是了解水位变化、营养状态和气象驱动因素的影响。我们想检验三个主要假设：（1）短期事件对总体平衡有显著贡献。(2)CO2和CH4排放的时间模式取决于水库的营养状态，并复杂地覆盖大气的影响。(3)两种气体CO2和CH4的通量率的空间分布不同地取决于内部（例如，水化学参数和水深）和外部相互作用因素（例如，风、气压、辐射和能量平衡）。拟议项目处于湖沼学、水文学和边界层气象学之间的联系之中。我们将调查两个不同的水库，贫营养Rappbode水库在哈尔茨山和富营养水库Bautzen在Lusatia。CO2和CH4排放量的时间模式将通过微气象和水侧测量相结合的方法加以量化。该项目的核心将是一个浮动涡流协方差（EC）测量系统。EC通量测量，浓度测量在水体中，和气象基础数据的合并允许的物理气体传输系数的确定。温室气体排放的空间变异性将通过浮室测量和沸腾漏斗进行分析。排放率的测量伴随着沉积物和水化学参数的分析，例如，pH值和O2，CO2和CH4的浓度以及能量平衡，辐射收支和经典气象变量的连续测量。适当的建模方法将用于测量和项目结果的概括和区域化。