Reactive halogens in a simulated volcanic plume

模拟火山羽流中的活性卤素

• 批准号: 289029208
• 负责人: Dr. Nicole Bobrowski
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Chemische Technologien und Analytik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/289029208?language=en
• 关键词: Reactive; halogens; simulated; volcanic; plume

Volcanic gas emissions are of importance for atmospheric chemistry in a local and with a varying extent in a global scale. The discovery of reactive halogen chemistry in volcanic plumes brought new insights in the dynamic processes of volcanos and may even be correlated with their eruption potential. The investigation of reactive halogen species (e.g. BrO, OClO, ClO) made great progress in the recent past, with numerous field studies that were conducted, but revealed many uncertainties concerning the responsible mechanism and influencing environmental parameters (e.g. plume gas and aerosol composition, relative humidity, role of potential NOX emissions). The role and influence of these parameters on halogen activation (conversion from halides to reactive halogen species (RHS) in volcanic plumes is essential for interpretations of the results e.g. (1) in terms of drawing conclusions about magmatic processes, eruption forecasting based on BrO/SO2 ratios, or (2) in terms of their atmospheric impact for instance ozone destruction oxidation of mercury, reduced methane life time etc.. In this project we want to take a step forward in the understanding of the halogen chemistry in volcanic plumes by investigating a simplified volcanic plume (SiO2 and sulfuric acid aerosols, H2O, CO2, SO2, HCl, HBr) under controlled conditions. The measurements will be conducted in a Teflon smog chamber at the University of Bayreuth, where all necessary measurement techniques can be easily installed. RHS (BrO, ClO, OClO) will be measured by a White multi-reflection cell and CE-DOAS and other halogen species (Br2, Cl2, HOBr and BrCl) by FAPA-MS (Flowing Atmospheric-Pressure Afterglow Mass Spectrometry). SO2, CO2, NOX and O3 will be monitored by standard analyzers and particles will be sampled with a filter and an impactor for subsequent IC and SEM-EDX (Scanning Electron Microscope - Energy Dispersive X-ray Detector) analysis to gain information on the halogens absorbed on the particles. The combination of these techniques gives the possibility to explore the role of the heterogeneous reactions involved in halogen activation, representing a current lack of understanding in volcanic research. In particular, the influence of (1) NOX and O3, (2) initial HCl/HBr ratio, (3) relative humidity, and (4) the particle composition (towards more complex real volcanic "ash") on the reactive halogen chemistry (including the bromine explosion mechanism) will be investigated within four project phases. Supported by the chemical box model CAABA/MECCA, the observations will be evaluated and placed into a larger context to better understand natural processes.

火山气体排放对当地和全球范围内不同程度的大气化学具有重要意义。火山羽流中活性卤素化学的发现，为火山动力学过程的研究带来了新的认识，甚至可能与火山喷发潜力有关。近年来，对活性卤素物种（如BrO、OClO、ClO）的研究取得了很大进展，开展了大量的实地研究，但在相关机制和影响环境参数（如烟羽气体和气溶胶成分、相对湿度、潜在NOX排放的作用）方面仍存在许多不确定性。这些参数对火山柱中卤素活化（从卤素到活性卤素的转化）的作用和影响对于解释结果至关重要，例如(1)就岩浆过程得出结论而言，基于BrO/SO2比率的喷发预测，或(2)就其对大气的影响而言，例如臭氧破坏，汞氧化，甲烷寿命缩短等。在这个项目中，我们希望通过在控制条件下研究一个简化的火山羽流（SiO2和硫酸气溶胶，H2O, CO2, SO2, HCl, HBr），在理解火山羽流中的卤素化学方面向前迈出一步。测量将在拜罗伊特大学的特氟龙烟雾室进行，所有必要的测量技术都可以很容易地安装。RHS （BrO, ClO, OClO）将由White多反射电池测量，CE-DOAS和其他卤素（Br2, Cl2， HOBr和BrCl）将由FAPA-MS（流动大气压余辉质谱法）测量。SO2、CO2、NOX和O3将由标准分析仪监测，颗粒将用过滤器和冲击器采样，用于随后的IC和SEM-EDX（扫描电子显微镜-能量色散x射线探测器）分析，以获得颗粒吸收的卤素信息。这些技术的结合为探索卤素活化中非均相反应的作用提供了可能，这代表了目前火山研究中缺乏理解。特别是，将在四个项目阶段内研究(1)NOX和O3、(2)初始HCl/HBr比、(3)相对湿度和(4)颗粒组成（更复杂的真实火山“灰烬”）对反应性卤素化学（包括溴爆炸机制）的影响。在化学箱模型CAABA/MECCA的支持下，将对观测结果进行评估，并将其置于更大的背景下，以更好地了解自然过程。

项目成果

Advances in Bromine Speciation in Volcanic Plumes

火山羽流中溴形态的研究进展

• DOI: 10.3389/feart.2018.00213
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Frontiers in Earth Science
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Gutmann;Alexandra
• 通讯作者: Alexandra

Halogen activation in the plume of Masaya volcano: field observations and box model investigations

马萨亚火山羽流中的卤素活化：现场观察和盒模型研究

• DOI: 10.5194/acp-2020-284
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: Rüdiger J;Gutmann A;Bobrowski N;Liotta M;De Moor J. M;Sander R;Dinger F;Tirpitz J.-L;Ibarra M;Saballos A;Martínez M;Mendoza E;Ferrufino A;Stix J;Valdés J;Castro J. M.;Hoffmann T.
• 通讯作者: Hoffmann T.

Non-dispersive UV Absorption Spectroscopy: A Promising New Approach for in-situ Detection of Sulfur Dioxide

非色散紫外吸收光谱：一种有前景的二氧化硫原位检测新方法

• DOI: 10.3389/feart.2019.00026
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Frontiers in Earth Science
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Tirpitz