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Vlad Tepes Dracula. Biography of a Ruler and Legend of a Tyrant

弗拉德·特佩斯·德古拉。

基本信息

批准号：
289884789
负责人：
Professor Dr. Thomas Bohn
金额：
--
依托单位：
Lehrstuhl für Osteuropäische Geschichte
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2015-12-31 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/289884789?language=en
关键词：
Vlad Tepes Dracula.Biography Ruler

项目摘要

In the historical figure of Vlad III Drăculea (1431-1476), the Romanian culture manifests authoritarian and militaristic tendencies as well as the utopia of an egalitarian society independent of external influences. His violent excesses and his battles against Ottomans and Hungarians made him a symbolic figure of both tyrannical rule and bravery in Latin Europe, Muscovy, and the Middle East. He fell later into oblivion and finally found his way into modernity in a deformed shape through Bram Stoker’s novel “Dracula”. From a medieval and early modern perspective, however, the role of the vampire count in cultural studies recedes behind the historiographical significance of the “Impaler”. The research project aims to investigate the knowledge transformation on Vlad as a political actor at the intersection of the “heroic age” of the Ottoman wars and the vassalization of medieval Wallachia. To this end, the reconstructable factual history of his biography is contrasted with the narratives which have experienced a multitude of formations and deformations of historical knowledge about this far-reaching phase of the history of Southeast Europe. The monographic investigation is based on the assumption that the figure uniquely activated the historiographic agendas due to the moral anomalies associated with it and thus brought about a substantial regulation of knowledge. Vlad Drăculea was a provocation to which neither chroniclers nor historians could react in a neutral or at least distanced way, whereby dependencies as well as objectives of the respective historiographies are made visible in a model-like manner and often with little formalisation. The figure of Dracula also shows how misinterpretations or simply historical falsifications were produced in the conflict between conformist and nonconformist knowledge.

在历史人物弗拉德三世·德拉库莱亚（Vlad III Drugculea，1431-1476）身上，罗马尼亚文化表现出专制和军国主义倾向，以及不受外部影响的平等主义社会的乌托邦。他的暴力行为和他对奥斯曼人和匈牙利人的战斗使他成为拉丁欧洲，莫斯科和中东的暴君统治和勇敢的象征人物。他后来被遗忘，最终通过布拉姆·斯托克的小说《德古拉》以畸形的形象进入现代。然而，从中世纪和近代早期的角度来看，吸血鬼伯爵在文化研究中的作用落后于“穿刺者”的史学意义。该研究项目旨在调查弗拉德作为奥斯曼战争的“英雄时代”和中世纪瓦拉几亚的附庸化的交叉点的政治演员的知识转变。为此，他的传记中的可重建的事实历史与经历了关于东南欧历史这一深远阶段的历史知识的众多形成和变形的叙述形成了对比。专题研究是基于这样一个假设，即由于与之相关的道德异常，该人物独特地激活了历史编纂议程，从而带来了对知识的实质性调节。弗拉德·德鲁克莱亚是一个挑衅，无论是编年史家还是历史学家都无法以中立或至少是疏远的方式作出反应，因此，各自史学的依赖关系和目标以一种模式化的方式变得显而易见，而且往往很少正式化。德古拉的形象也表明了在顺从者和不顺从者的知识冲突中，是如何产生误解或简单的历史篡改的。