Quoting as an evidential practice in Prime Minister's Question Time

在美国圣巴巴拉的加州大学社会学系进行为期4个月的研究，目的是完成我目前的哈佛论文项目《在政治互动中构建证据》（工作标题）的一章。这项研究的主要目的是研究参与者如何以及为了什么目的（即首相、反对党领袖和议会后座议员）在英国下议院首相提问时间（PMQT）的问答环节中提出证据，提及他们的感知经验、先前的演讲、等，为英语的据素研究做出理论贡献。该方法是由InterestingLinguistics，基于语言学，社会学和人类学的跨学科研究计划，并通过修辞结构理论。拟议的项目涉及引用的使用，这是传统类型学研究中广泛记录的知识基础（例如Aikhenwald 2004）。在PMQT中，引语被视为构建演讲者权威的一种插话方式。具体而言，该项目将研究带有verbum dicendi say的引文的语言结构（例如，总理正在说）及其轮流和顺序的位置。沿着这些正式的方面，它将描述这些类型的报价的内部组织的功能（例如，请求确认的理由）和序列，并为实现international和社会功能（例如，挑战总理的索赔，从而他的信誉）。数据库由ca的集合组成。比如说，从2003-2011年之间的32个PMQT会话中检索到的600个实例。16小时的视频记录）。这个项目将有助于我们理解英语中的引语作为一种插入语的做法，一种语言，其中证据是可选的，并对证据的理论讨论。

The proposed 4-month research stay at the Department of Sociology, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA, is intended to complete a chapter for my current Habilitation thesis project Constructing evidence in political interaction (working title). The general interest of this study is to examine how and to what ends participants (i.e. the Prime Minister, the Leader of the Opposition and backbench Members of Parliament) claim evidence during the question-answer sequences during Prime Minister's Question Time (PMQT) at the British House of Commons, making reference to their perceptual experience, prior speech, etc. and to make a theoretical contribution to the study of evidentiality in English. The methodology is informed by Interactional Linguistics, an interdisciplinary research programme grounded in Linguistics, Sociology and Anthropology, and by Rhetorical Structure Theory. The proposed project is concerned with the use of quotations, a base of knowledge widely documented in traditional, typological studies (e.g. Aikhenwald 2004). Quotations are treated as an interactional practice to construct the speaker's authority at PMQT. Specifically, the project will examine the linguistic structure of quotations with the verbum dicendi say (e.g. The Prime Minister is saying that) and their situated placement in turns and sequences. Along with these formal aspects it will describe functions of these types of quotations for the internal organization of turns (e.g. justification of requests for confirmation) and sequences and for the achievement of interactional and social functions (e.g. to challenge the claims of the Prime Minister and thus his credibility). The data base consists of a collection of ca. 600 instances of say, retrieved from 32 PMQT sessions between 2003-2011 (ca. 16 hours of video recordings). The proposed project will contribute to our understanding of quoting as an interactional practice in English, a language where evidentiality is optional, and to the theoretical discussion of evidentiality.