Evolution of grassland ecosystems during the Late Miocene in the Eastern Mediterranean

东地中海晚中新世草原生态系统的演化

• 批准号: 314313855
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Madelaine Böhme
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Terrestrische Paläoklimatologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-31 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/314313855?language=en
• 关键词: Evolution; grassland; ecosystems; during; Late

The reconstruction of palaeovegetation is essentially based on palaeobotanical records and our understanding of the Neogene changes of vegetation in Eurasia dominantly rest upon organic floral remains, which has limited preservation due to diagenesis. As a result, many important aspects of landscape and vegetation history, especially in the Eastern Mediterranean, are still poorly understood. In contrast, primarily siliceous plant fossils (phytoliths) show a high advantage to close our gaps of documentation and knowledge in Neogene vegetation history, because of their diagenetical durability especially under carbonate rich, alkaline and oxygenized conditions. Therefore, phytoliths often provide evidence for the presence of plants growing preferentially under xeric conditions and are not or only rarely documented in the macrobotanical or palynological record (e.g. grasses). Furthermore, phytoliths allow identifying plants to lower taxonomic levels than many pollen would (e.g. distinction of C3 and C4 grasses), thereby helping to resolve a more complete picture of floral and vegetation change, especially issues of grassland histories, in a certain region especially during the Neogene.In our project we perform high-resolution and multi-proxy studies on grassland ecosystem evolution during the Late Miocene (9-6 Ma) in the Eastern Mediterranean, using phytoliths in combinations with palynology, charcoal, carbon isotopy and sedimentology/pedology. Our preliminary results already show that C4-grasses play a major role in SE-European vegetation at least during the latest Tortonian (Pikermian Biome). Our project intend to disentangle the complex evolutionary history of grasslands and woodlands (including the role of fire) in this region, and will further provide unique contributions to the reconstruction of landscapes (vegetation) inhabited by the last Miocene hominids in Europe.

古植物的重建基本上是基于古植物记录，我们对欧亚大陆植被变化的理解主要基于有机花卉遗体，这由于成岩作用而限制了。结果，景观和植被史的许多重要方面，尤其是在东地中海的许多重要方面，仍然对其进行了鲜为人知的了解。相比之下，主要是硅质植物化石（植物石）显示出很高的优势，可以缩小我们在新金元植被史上的文档和知识差距，因为它们具有成岩意识耐用性，尤其是在富含碳酸盐，碱性和氧化条件下。因此，植物石经常提供证据证明在Xeric条件下优先生长的植物存在，并且在大型植物或孢子虫记录（例如草）中没有或很少记录。此外，植物石允许识别植物的分类水平低于许多花粉水平（例如，C3和C4草的区别），从而有助于解决更完整的花卉和植被变化的情况，尤其是草地历史的问题，尤其是在新的地区，尤其是在我们的项目中。 MA）在东地中海中，使用植物学与烷基，木炭，碳同位素和沉积学/教育的结合。我们的初步结果已经表明，C4-Grasses至少在最新的Tortonian（Pikermian Biome）中至少在Se-欧洲植被中起着重要作用。我们的项目旨在消除该地区草原和林地（包括火的作用）的复杂进化史，并将进一步为欧洲最后一次中新世居住的景观（植被）重建提供独特的贡献。

项目成果

Neogene hyperaridity in Arabia drove the directions of mammalian dispersal between Africa and Eurasia

• DOI: 10.1038/s43247-021-00158-y
• 发表时间: 2021-05
• 期刊: Communications Earth & Environment
• 影响因子: 7.9
• 作者: M. Böhme;N. Spassov;M. Majidifard;A. Gärtner;U. Kirscher;M. Marks;Christian A. F. Dietzel;Gregor Uhlig;H. El Atfy;D. Begun;M. Winklhofer

Late Miocene stratigraphy, palaeoclimate and evolution of the Sandanski Basin (Bulgaria) and the chronology of the Pikermian faunal changes

• DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2018.07.019
• 发表时间: 2018-11-01
• 期刊: GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Boehme, Madelaine;Van Baak, Christiaan G. C.;Spassov, Nikolai
• 通讯作者: Spassov, Nikolai