Spatial transformation and informal urban governance in Dhaka, Bangladesh

孟加拉国达卡的空间转型和非正式城市治理

• 批准号: 31579994
• 负责人: Professorin Dr.-Ing. Sabine Baumgart
• 金额: --
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2005-12-31 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/31579994?language=en
• 关键词: Spatial; transformation; informal; urban; governance

Under the impact of globalisation Bangladesh is rapidly urbanising. By 2020 almost half of the population of Bangladesh will live in urban areas. The metropolitan area of Dhaka will come under intensive pressure to provide land for additional housing considering the restrictions set by flood hazards. The shrinking supply of land suitable for urban development will further increase building densities in informal inner city settlements where the poor are seeking access to urban livelihoods. In the pursuance of livelihoods the urban poor run the risk to sacrifice the functionality of the city by blocking vehicular access, encroaching upon land reserved for public infrastructure, threatening public health and settling on flood-prone land. The statutory planning system is, however, ill equipped to establish an appropriate balance between the vital interests of individual households and enterprises on the one hand and public welfare on the other. The proposed project is based on the proposition that the interface between statutory planning and `social regulation¿ at the grass-roots has to be developed in order to achieve more sustainable patterns of urban growth. The exchange of strategic information between the different levels of urban planning governance constitutes, therefore, the central component of the research design. Information on future states of the city derived from urban growth modelling and communicated in scenarios will be shared with both informal institutions of `social regulation¿ and the statutory planning system in participatory procedures in order to test the usefulness of planning information for pro-poor and sustainable urban growth regulation.

在全球化的影响下，孟加拉国正在迅速城市化。到2020年，孟加拉国将近一半的人口将生活在城市地区。达卡大都市地区将面临巨大压力，考虑到洪水危害的限制，必须为更多的住房提供土地。适合城市发展的土地供应不断减少，这将进一步增加贫民寻求城市生计的非正式内城住区的建筑密度。城市贫民为了生计，有可能牺牲城市的功能，因为他们阻塞车辆通道，侵占为公共基础设施保留的土地，威胁公共健康，并在易受洪水侵袭的土地上定居。然而，法定规划制度并不足以在个别住户和企业的切身利益与公众福利之间取得适当的平衡。拟议项目的依据是，必须发展法定规划与基层“社会监管”之间的联系，以实现更可持续的城市增长模式。因此，城市规划治理的不同层面之间的战略信息交流构成了研究设计的核心组成部分。将在参与性程序中与非正式的“社会监管”机构和法定规划系统分享从城市增长模型中得出并在各种设想方案中传达的关于城市未来状况的信息，以测试规划信息对扶贫和可持续城市增长监管的有用性。