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Developing an early vision model of lightness perception: experimentand theory

开发亮度感知的早期视觉模型：实验和理论

基本信息

批准号：
315679826
负责人：
Professorin Dr. Marianne Maertens
金额：
--
依托单位：
Fachgebiet Modellierung kognitiver Prozesse
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2015-12-31 至 2020-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/315679826?language=en
关键词：
Developing early vision model lightness

项目摘要

The goal of this project is to characterize the computations that allow the human visual system to extract meaningful perceptual categories from the retinal input. In particular, we study how the perceptual attribute of surface lightness, i.e. perceived surface reflectance, is computed from the luminance pattern that stimulates the photoreceptor array in the retina. At present there is no computational model of lightness perception. The problem of lightness perception lies in the ambiguity of the luminance signal, because the same luminance value can result from different surface reflectances that are seen in different illuminations. Traditionally lightness perception has been studied in simplified stimuli in which targets of varying luminance have been presented on backgrounds of varying luminance. However, such stimuli have been void of information about the surface properties of a target and about the depth and illumination structure of the scene in which the target surface was seen. Recent evidence suggests that this unnatural viewing situation has seriously misled our understanding of visual perception and has prevented us from observing visual mechanisms as they would operate under more realistic conditions. Such under-constrained stimuli might have introduced perceptual ambiguities that would not occur under more natural conditions. Here we pursue a different approach using realistic stimuli of moderate complexity. The stimuli that we use are variegated checkerboard patterns that are computer-rendered images of three-dimensional scenes in which we can specify the reflectances of each check in the checkerboard as well as their illumination. They have proved to be a well-controlled experimental test bed to study the computations involved in lightness perception, because they allow us to capture perceptual performance in relation to the external world properties of visual stimuli. They are simple enough to rebuild them as real-world three-dimensional models, and at the same time they allow the successive increase in complexity to study the influence of mechanisms of scene segmentation on lightness perception. We will elaborate an early vision model of lightness perception that is based on the contrast at luminance edges and that has emerged from a number of recent findings from our own group and from other researchers. We will use the model as the starting point and theoretical framework for the research questions described in this proposal.

该项目的目标是表征允许人类视觉系统从视网膜输入中提取有意义的感知类别的计算。特别是，我们研究了如何从刺激视网膜感光器阵列的亮度模式中计算表面亮度的感知属性，即感知表面反射率。目前还没有关于亮度感知的计算模型。亮度感知的问题在于亮度信号的模糊性，因为在不同的照度下，不同的表面反射率可以得到相同的亮度值。传统的亮度感知研究是在简化刺激中进行的，在简化刺激中，不同亮度的目标被呈现在不同亮度的背景上。然而，这种刺激缺乏关于目标表面特性的信息，以及关于目标表面所处场景的深度和照明结构的信息。最近的证据表明，这种不自然的观看情况严重误导了我们对视觉感知的理解，并阻止了我们观察视觉机制，因为它们将在更现实的条件下运作。这种不受约束的刺激可能会导致在更自然的条件下不会发生的知觉模糊。在这里，我们采用一种不同的方法，使用中等复杂性的现实刺激。我们使用的刺激是各种各样的棋盘图案，这是三维场景的计算机渲染图像，我们可以指定棋盘上每个方格的反射率以及它们的照明。它们已被证明是一个控制良好的实验测试平台，用于研究与亮度感知有关的计算，因为它们允许我们捕捉与视觉刺激的外部世界属性相关的感知表现。它们足够简单，可以将其重建为现实世界的三维模型，同时它们允许复杂度的连续增加来研究场景分割机制对亮度感知的影响。我们将详细阐述一个基于亮度边缘对比度的亮度感知的早期视觉模型，该模型来自我们自己的团队和其他研究人员最近的一些发现。我们将使用该模型作为本提案中描述的研究问题的起点和理论框架。