Neuronal mechanisms of creative solutions in complex environments

复杂环境下创造性解决方案的神经机制

• 批准号: 316185879
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Daniel Memmert
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Psychologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-31 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/316185879?language=en
• 关键词: Neuronal; mechanisms; creative; solutions; complex

Starting from previous work on neuronal correlates underlying creativity, the proposed project aims at delineating neural mechanisms involved in the generation of creative solutions in more complex, real-life creativity tasks. We focus on the domain of sports (and particularly on soccer) as this field could be considered as worthwhile field to study behavior in a complex context (Memmert, 2011, p. 373), and it facilitates the investigation of creative performance in an ecologically valid way. For instance, in order to achieve original and successful solutions in soccer game situations, players need to base their decisions on all relevant information from their environments (positions or anticipated behavior of teammates and opponents, players emerging unexpectedly, etc.), and in order to select the most promising solution they continuously need to find a balance between actual stimulus constellation and task-relevant information stored in memory (e. g. inhibiting inappropriate solution approaches). Creative solutions in sport game situations thus appear to be strikingly similar to well-known concepts of creativity such as divergent and convergent modes of thinking, and they seem to require manifold attentional processes, domain-specific knowledge or memory-related demands - processes that are known as important ingredients of creativity. This project will be conducted in close collaboration with Daniel Memmert from the German Sport University Cologne, a world-wide leading expert in research on cognitive mechanisms (including creativity) underlying behavior in complex environments and in different kind of sports. In a first step, we develop experimental tasks that allow the assessment of creativity-related demands involved in creative solutions in soccer game situations in the neuroscientific laboratory. Then, brain activity will be measured during the performance of soccer game situations in a sample of sport students, along with brain activity patterns in the classic AU task (a measure of creative thought in general), in order to ensure comparability with previous research. In doing so, we aim at extending our knowledge about potential brain mechanisms implicated in creativity.

从以前的工作神经元相关的基础上的创造力，拟议的项目旨在描绘神经机制参与更复杂的，现实生活中的创造性任务的创造性解决方案的生成。我们专注于体育领域（特别是足球），因为这个领域可以被认为是在复杂背景下研究行为的有价值的领域（Memmert，2011，第373页），它有助于以生态有效的方式研究创造性表现。例如，为了在足球比赛情况下实现原始和成功的解决方案，玩家需要基于来自其环境的所有相关信息（队友和对手的位置或预期行为，意外出现的玩家等），并且为了选择最有希望的解决方案，他们不断地需要在实际刺激星座和存储在存储器中的任务相关信息之间找到平衡（例如，G.抑制不适当的解决方法）。因此，体育比赛中的创造性解决方案似乎与众所周知的创造性概念（如发散和收敛思维模式）惊人地相似，它们似乎需要多种注意力过程，特定领域的知识或与记忆相关的需求-这些过程被称为创造性的重要成分。该项目将与来自德国科隆体育大学的丹尼尔梅默特密切合作，他是研究复杂环境和不同类型运动中行为的认知机制（包括创造力）的世界领先专家。在第一步中，我们开发的实验任务，允许在神经科学实验室的足球比赛的情况下，在创造性的解决方案涉及的创造性相关的需求进行评估。然后，在足球比赛的情况下，在体育学生的样本中，大脑活动将被测量，沿着在经典的Au任务（一般创造性思维的措施）的大脑活动模式，以确保与以前的研究可比性。在这样做的过程中，我们的目标是扩展我们对与创造力有关的潜在大脑机制的知识。