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Psychosocial benefits of civic and political participation across the life span and in a European comparison: Who gains what from which activities, and why?

公民和政治参与在整个生命周期中以及在欧洲的比较中的心理社会效益：谁从哪些活动中获益，为什么？

基本信息

批准号：
316125399
负责人：
Professorin Dr. Maria Pavlova
金额：
--
依托单位：
Fachgebiet Psychologische Gerontologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2015-12-31 至 2020-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/316125399?language=en
关键词：
Psychosocial benefits civic political participation

项目摘要

Civic and political participation refer to unpaid voluntary activities that are undertaken collectively, typically in a voluntary organization, and directed at the common benefit. Civic participation may be distinguished from political participation. The former involves direct helping activities (e.g., volunteering as a coach for a children sports team or as a cook in a soup kitchen), whereas the latter involves attempts to achieve policy change (e.g., petitioning or volunteering for a political party). Although civically or politically engaged individuals do not receive any substantial remuneration, they also derive certain benefits from civic and political participation. Such benefits are known and include, among others, higher subjective well-being, avoidance of risky behaviours, and career-related benefits. However, earlier research has focused on showing that there are some benefits to citizen participation rather than systematically examining their mechanisms. The present project aims to investigate which types of citizen participation are beneficial to participating individuals in which ways, why, at which age, and in which societies. I draw a distinction between civic and political participation and consider different levels of involvement in a voluntary organization (i.e., membership, active participation, and volunteering). I proffer a conceptual model whereby these types of citizen participation yield psychosocial benefits through certain mediating pathways. The mediating pathways considered in the present project include meaning-making, sense of mastery and control, positive social interactions, useful contacts, and skill acquisition. Furthermore, I argue that the associations between citizen participation and psychosocial outcomes may be moderated by age at the individual level and by country at the aggregate level. To test my conceptual model, I will conduct a secondary analysis of three large datasets: the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP), the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS), and the European Social Survey (ESS), Round 2012 (29 participating countries). Each of these datasets includes information on civic and political participation and other relevant variables, which in each case allow for testing some of the pathways in my conceptual model. Two panel surveys make robust longitudinal analyses possible, whereas the ESS enables me to conduct a rigorous cross-national comparison. Taken together, analyses of these data will provide a systematic, differentiated, and explanatory account of the psychosocial benefits of citizen participation. Findings will have not only scientific but also practical value to policy makers and organizations in the third sector and health care, nationally and internationally.

公民和政治参与是指集体（通常是在志愿组织中）进行的、以共同利益为目的的无偿志愿活动。公民参与可能不同于政治参与。前者涉及直接的帮助活动（例如，志愿担任儿童运动队的教练或在流动厨房担任厨师），而后者则涉及尝试实现政策改变（例如，为政党请愿或志愿服务）。尽管参与公民或政治活动的个人没有获得任何实质性报酬，但他们也从公民和政治参与中获得一定的好处。这些好处是众所周知的，其中包括更高的主观幸福感、避免危险行为以及与职业相关的好处。然而，早期的研究侧重于表明公民参与有一些好处，而不是系统地检验其机制。本项目旨在调查哪些类型的公民参与对参与个人有利，以何种方式、为何、在哪个年龄以及在哪些社会中参与。我区分了公民参与和政治参与，并考虑了志愿组织的不同参与程度（即成员资格、积极参与和志愿服务）。我提出了一个概念模型，这些类型的公民参与通过某些中介途径产生心理社会效益。本项目考虑的中介途径包括意义创造、掌控感和控制感、积极的社交互动、有用的联系和技能获取。此外，我认为公民参与和心理社会结果之间的关联可能会受到个人层面上的年龄和总体层面上的国家的调节。为了测试我的概念模型，我将对三个大型数据集进行二次分析：德国社会经济小组 (SOEP)、英国家庭小组调查 (BHPS) 和欧洲社会调查 (ESS)，2012 年回合（29 个参与国家）。每个数据集都包含有关公民和政治参与以及其他相关变量的信息，在每种情况下都允许测试我的概念模型中的一些路径。两次小组调查使稳健的纵向分析成为可能，而 ESS 使我能够进行严格的跨国比较。总而言之，对这些数据的分析将为公民参与的心理社会效益提供系统的、有区别的和解释性的解释。研究结果对于国内和国际第三部门和医疗保健领域的政策制定者和组织不仅具有科学价值，而且具有实用价值。