Structural elucidation of network effects in highly filled polymers

高填充聚合物中网络效应的结构阐明

• 批准号: 316683943
• 负责人: Professor Dr.-Ing. Christian Bonten
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Kunststofftechnik (IKT)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-31 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/316683943?language=en
• 关键词: Structural; elucidation; network; effects; highly

The modification of existing technical thermoplasts with active fillers, functional fillers or inactive fillers is a cost effective and commonly used way. Blending of different polymers with fillers is an essential way to develop new polymers in modern polymer processing, as well. Goal of the modification is always the change of physical properties. In this way active fillers are able to enhance the mechanical properties and elastic fillers are able to enhance the elongation behavior. Conductive fillers improve for example the electrical and/or the thermal conductivity of polymers. A high homogeneity of all modifiers in the polymers is very important in order to achieve the desired performance. Additionally, the modifiers should only change negligibly the flowability of the unmodified polymer due to changes in the processability. Up to now the common knowledge is, that the yielding behavior at low shear rates of highly filled polymers is caused by particle networks. The literature talks often about particle-particle interactions, which have not been investigated by images. Some sources report images, but cannot proof a particle-particle network. The aim of this research project is the gain comprehensive knowledge of the three-dimensional network structures of different fillers in various polymers. If - as has been described in the literature - some of these three-dimensional networks are refuted figuratively, although the yielding behavior occurs, the hypothesis of the applicant to should be investigated intensively. These studies are focused on the one hand distinguish the effects of different pairings of polar and nonpolar partners of matrix and secondly targeted lower molecular weights (shorter molecular chains) are used to reduce the influence of the particles environment. Thus, initially, various material-additive combinations with different selected additive geometries are combined by a compounding process. At low shear rates the yield behavior should occur and can be achieved with a rheometer. In this state, the samples are cooled and will be morphologically analyzed using various methods in all three dimensions. Quantification of structures depending on the deformation size can be quantified by the fractal dimension, as well. For this purpose the non-destructive testing is used in addition to extend the structural analysis. The characterization of the particulate structure by means of nondestructive testing even has the potential to be used as an online monitoring tool in industrial applications.

用活性填料、功能性填料或非活性填料对现有技术热塑性塑料进行改性是一种经济高效且常用的方式。将不同聚合物与填料混合也是现代聚合物加工中开发新聚合物的重要方法。改性的目标始终是物理性能的改变。通过这种方式，活性填料能够增强机械性能，而弹性填料能够增强伸长行为。导电填料改善例如聚合物的电导率和/或导热率。为了实现所需的性能，聚合物中所有改性剂的高度均匀性非常重要。另外，由于加工性能的变化，改性剂应该仅对未改性聚合物的流动性产生可忽略的变化。 到目前为止，众所周知，高填充聚合物在低剪切速率下的屈服行为是由颗粒网络引起的。文献经常谈论粒子与粒子之间的相互作用，但尚未通过图像进行研究。一些来源报告了图像，但无法证明粒子-粒子网络。该研究项目的目的是全面了解各种聚合物中不同填料的三维网络结构。如果——正如文献中所描述的——这些三维网络中的一些被形象地反驳，尽管屈服行为发生了，但申请人的假设应该被深入研究。这些研究的重点是一方面区分基质的极性和非极性伙伴的不同配对的影响，其次使用有针对性的较低分子量（较短的分子链）来减少颗粒环境的影响。因此，首先，通过复合工艺将具有不同选定添加剂几何形状的各种材料-添加剂组合组合起来。在低剪切速率下，应该会出现屈服行为，并且可以使用流变仪来实现。在这种状态下，样品被冷却，并将在所有三个维度上使用各种方法进行形态分析。取决于变形大小的结构的量化也可以通过分形维数来量化。为此目的，除了扩展结构分析之外，还使用无损检测。通过无损检测来表征颗粒结构甚至有可能用作工业应用中的在线监测工具。