Old and new boundaries: National Identities and Religion (ONBound)

拟议项目的重点是更好地了解民族和宗教身份在现代世界中如何交织在一起。将从多层次的角度对比较调查和学术宏观数据集的现有数据（但新汇编的数据）进行二级分析。该项目的目标是实现真正的国际范围，将联合收割机从世界各地的多种来源收集数据。在超国家一级的制度趋同日益增加，个人一级的财富和生活机会日益多样化的时代，民族和宗教身份似乎重新成为“我们”和“他们”之间的标志。潜在的后果是社会凝聚力和社会团结模式的变化。该项目有助于现有的研究在这一领域的两个核心问题：第一个涉及宗教和民族身份之间的关系在个人层面上-如何强烈做这两个重要的认知框架的社会世界重叠，或相反，创建交叉压力？各国之间重叠或独立的模式有多一致，随着时间的推移有多稳定？第二个问题是第一个问题的延伸，因为它询问国家一级的体制特征和历史事件对宗教和民族特性之间特定关系的影响。作为社会自我描述的宪法、国家的社会发展以及国内外冲突的历史是主要的背景指标。在项目实施过程中，将汇集一个独特的数据库，其中包括大量的公共数据来源。这一数据库综合了关于民族和宗教特性的现有个别调查数据（例如国际社会支持项目、斯洛文尼亚就业服务系统、世界人口调查、拉丁气压计、亚洲气压计）的摘录，以及全世界约30年130个国家的国家一级背景数据（例如冲突气压计、国际宪法调查、处境危险的少数群体）。其结果将是建立一个可供公众使用的多级数据库，同时进行数据连接工作，其范围和覆盖面在该主题领域都是前所未有的。从战略上讲，这将是一个典型的案例研究，以满足日益增长的需求，灵活地安排现有的数据源，以匹配不断变化的研究问题。

The proposed project focuses on better understanding of how national and religious identities are intertwined in the modern world. This will be pursued through secondary analysis of existing - but newly compiled - data from comparative surveys and from academic macro-level data sets in a multi-level perspective. Aiming for a truly international scope, the project will combine data from a multitude of sources around the world. In times of increasing institutional convergence at the supra-national level, and growing diversities in e.g. wealth and life chances at the individual level, national and religious identities seem to re-gain salience as markers between "us" and "them". Potential consequences are changes in the patterns of social cohesion and societal solidarity. The project contributes to existing research in this area with regard to two core questions: The first concerns the relationship between religious and national identities at the individual level - how strongly do these two important cognitive frames for the social world overlap, or conversely, create cross-pressures? How consistent are the patterns of overlap or independence across countries, and how stable over time? The second question extends the first one, in that it asks about the effect of institutional characteristics and historical events at the country level on the particular relationship between religious and national identities. Constitutions as societal self-descriptions, the countries' social diversities and the history of internal and external conflicts are the main context indicators. In the course of the project, a unique database integrating a vast array of public data sources will be assembled. This data base combines extracts from existing individual survey data (e.g. from ISSP, ESS, WVS, Latinobarometer, Asian Barometer) on national and religious identities, and country level context data (e.g. Conflict Barometer, International Constitution Finder, Minorities at Risk) across approximately 30 years and 130 countries worldwide. The result will be a publicly available multi-level database and at the same time, a data linkage exercise, of a scope and coverage that is unprecedented for the subject area. Strategically, this will be an exemplary case study for an increasing demand to flexibly arrange existing data sources for matching ever-changing research questions.