Regional energy transition: The social processes of negotiating, norming and learning in the wind energy sector

能量转换通常是在一般水平上进行分析的。该项目建议将能源过渡视为一个社会过程，以便深入了解导致能源过渡的具体相互作用过程。此外，该项目将以经验为基础进行分析，从而增加到目前为止主要是概念性的辩论。该项目借鉴了转型文献，并补充了来自体制理论和区域创新系统方法的见解。由此产生的区域过渡领域的概念解释了来自不同社会领域的行为者和机构为什么以及如何影响风能部门的过渡进程。因此，考虑到了科学、工业、政治、行政和金融行为者以及中间人和公民。该项目通过在国家、欧洲和全球范围内考察区域一级的谈判、规范和学习过程来描述区域过渡。在经验上，该项目对德国六个地区进行了深入分析，并基于每个地区20-30个定性专家访谈分析了风能行业正在发生的转型动态。因此，该项目的贡献有三个：首先，它通过澄清参与者谈判、规范和学习的潜在过程，以及通过为一个主要是概念性的研究领域增加经验证据，对转型研究做出贡献。其次，它确定了不同的区域变化路径，这些路径的特点是重组进程和地方-全球导向的具体组合。这也将有助于解释为什么以及如何在一个共同的体制框架内，例如在国家框架内，各区域发展不同。这些发现稍后可以从风能部门转移到其他部门。第三，在此基础上，该项目同时加强了可以影响过渡进程的程度：可以微调政治手段，以便更好地针对关键参与者和特定区域结构的特殊性。这样，该项目将对当前的转型研究做出理论和实证上的贡献。

Energy transitions are usually analyzed at a general level. This project suggests looking at energy transition as a social process in order to gain in-depth knowledge of the specific processes of interaction that lead to energy transitions. Moreover, the project will ground the analysis empirically and hence add to a debate that has so far been mostly conceptual. The project draws upon transition literature and complements it with insights from institutional theory and the regional innovation systems approach. The resulting concept of regional transition fields explains why and how actors and institutions from different social fields shape transition processes in the wind energy sector. Scientific, industrial, political, administrative and financial actors as well as intermediaries and citizens are thereby taken into account. The project describes regional transitions by looking at processes of negotiating, norming and learning at the regional level in the context of their national, European and global embeddedness. Empirically, the project conducts an in-depth analysis of six German regions and analyses the occurring transition dynamics in the wind energy sector based on 20-30 qualitative expert interviews per region.The contribution of the project is hence threefold: First, it contributes to transition research by clarifying the underlying processes of negotiation, norming and learning of actors and by adding empirical evidence to a largely conceptual research field. Second, it identifies different paths of regional change that are characterized by their specific combination of restructuration processes and local-global orientation. This will also help to explain why and how regions develop differently within a common institutional, e.g. national, framework. These findings can later be transferred from the wind energy sector to other branches. Third, on the basis of this, the project simultaneously enhances the degree to which transition processes can be influenced: Political instruments can be fine-tuned to better target the critically involved actors and the specificities of the particular regional setup. In this way, the project will contribute to the current transition research both theoretically and empirically.