Air Mass Origin in the Lower Stratosphere using HALO Measurements and CLaMS Simulations (AMOS)

从对流层进入平流层下层的水汽和其他对流层微量气体（例如其他温室气体或消耗臭氧的物质，如寿命极短的物种和卤素）的直接运输途径影响温带对流层上层和平流层下层的化学组成（ExUTLS）。ExUTLS中臭氧和水蒸气的变化对地表气候有显著影响，即使扰动相对较小。讨论了来自热带对流层顶的准水平输送、来自亚洲季风反气旋的水平输送和对流诱导注入等直接输送途径。然而，目前对这些传输过程的理解是不完整的。在我们的AMOS项目中，我们希望确定和量化不同先前（TACTS/ESMVal）和即将到来的halo活动（PGS， WISE）的潜在运输过程，以确定这些运输过程的季节性和年际变化。我们项目的重点将放在即将到来的WISE活动上，该活动的重点是决定ExUTLS化学成分的运输过程。在我们的项目中，我们将使用HALO测量并使用拉格朗日模型（CLaMS）使用人工气团起源示踪剂进行多次模拟。使用人工气团来源示踪剂的CLaMS是一种独特的工具，可以准确地描述基本的输送和混合过程，并有助于量化这些不同的输送途径对平流层下层化学成分的影响。

Direct transport pathways from the troposphere into the lower stratosphere of water vapour and and other tropospheric trace gases (e.g. other greenhouse gases or ozone-depleting substances such as very short lived species and halogens) influence the chemical composition of the extratropical upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (ExUTLS). Changes in ozone and water vapour in the ExUTLS, have a significant impact on surface climate, even if the perturbation is relatively small. Discussed are direct Transport pathways such as quasi-horizontal transport from the Tropical tropopause layer, horizontal transport from the the Asian monsoonanticyclone and convection induced injections. However, currently the understanding of these transport processes is incomplete. Within our project AMOS, we would like to identify and quantify the underlying transport processes for different previous (TACTS/ESMVal) and upcomingHALO campaigns (PGS, WISE) to identify the seasonal and the inter-annual variability of these transport processes. The focus of our project will be on the upcoming WISE campaign which is focused on transport processes that determine the chemical composition of the ExUTLS. In our project, we will use HALO measurements and perform several simulations with the Lagrangian model (CLaMS) using artificial tracers of air mass origin. CLaMS using artificial tracers of air mass origin is an unique tool to describe accurately the essential transport and mixing processes and can help to quantify the impact of These different transport pathways on the chemical composition of the lower stratosphere.