Origin of mass scales and hierarchies

过去几年，粒子物理学的新闻一直被希格斯玻色子的发现所主导。这一发现完善了标准模型，所有其他粒子的质量起源现在都可以归因于希格斯机制。这样的印象可能是，这个领域正处于一种解决和理解的状态，但事实上情况远非如此。对希格斯质量本身的理解仍然缺乏，希格斯与费米子耦合的起源仍然未知。特别是希格斯质量的观测值是非常不自然的量子场论的规则。在LHC的第一次运行中缺乏任何其他新物理的证据，使得这个难题特别严重。我们建议研究两种可能性，期望运行2将决定哪一种（如果有的话）接近现实。第一个是希格斯描述在LHC运行2的能量范围内分解。我已经并将继续发展这种类型的理论和它所做的预测。这意味着一个激动人心的时刻，为实验和理论物理学的TeV规模的新物理展开。第二种可能性是，基本希格斯玻色子的证据仍在继续。在这种情况下，理论上的影响是深远的，需要我们严格限制理论到极高的能量。这是因为希格斯质量对所有更高质量尺度的敏感性，包括引力。希格斯粒子的质量问题在某些方面与宇宙学中的暗能量问题相似，我们认为这些问题是引力量子理论的有价值的线索。

The news in particle physics the last few years has been dominated by discovery of the Higgs boson. This discovery completes the standard model and the origin of mass of all other particles can now be attributed to the Higgs mechanism. The impression may then be that the field is in a state of resolution and understanding, but in fact this is far from the case. An understanding of the Higgs mass itself is still lacking and the origin of the Higgs couplings to fermions is still unknown. In particular the observed value of the Higgs mass is deeply unnatural given the rules of quantum field theory. The lack of evidence for any other new physics at Run 1 at the LHC makes this conundrum especially severe. We propose to study two possibilities, with the expectation that Run 2 will decide which, if either, is close to reality. The first is that the Higgs description breaks down within the energy range of Run 2 at the LHC. I have and will continue to develop this type of theory and the predictions it makes. It implies an exciting time for experimental and theoretical physics as the new physics of the TeV scale unfolds. The second possibility is that evidence continues to build for an elementary Higgs boson. The theoretical implications in this case are far reaching and will require us to tightly constrain the theory up to extremely high energies. This is because of the sensitivity of the Higgs mass to all higher mass scales, including that of gravity. The problem of the Higgs mass is similar in some respects to the problem of dark energy in cosmology, and we view these problems as valuable clues to the quantum theory of gravity.**