Moral Motivation and the Emotions. The moralpsychological contribution of the passiones animae from Thomas Aquinas to mediat human striving structures and practical reasoning

道德动机和情感。

• 批准号: 317825402
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Ralf Lutz
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Moraltheologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/317825402?language=en
• 关键词: Moral; Motivation; Emotions.; moralpsychological; contribution

The project aims at the emotions theory of Thomas Aquinas as she is to be found in his treatises on the passions of the soul, the passiones animae, to evaluate their importance for the understanding of moral motivation. It should be worked out, whether and especially how, for Thomas emotions can contribute to the development of motivation to act. Starting point are observations within the current philosophy of emotions, according to which emotions play a key role in the question of how moral motivation is to be understood, i.e. how convictions of what is morally intended become effective for action. However, it is still comparatively unclear how emotions can motivate, what this effect is ultimately based on and how their relationship to the other forces of the rational subject of action involved in action control can be imagined. The recourse to Thomas von Aquinas' reflections on the passiones animae, which are still underestimated in scope and systematic significance, opens up a field that has so far been largely unresearched for this question within (theological) ethics and represents the core of the envisaged project. In terms of methodology, the aim is not only to reconstruct the structure and architecture of the emotional theory of Aquinas in the narrower sense but in particular also to shed light on the relevant moral-psychological, but also metaphysical and theological prerequisites of it, for example with regard to its concept of the soul and its striving theory, or if the eschatological ultimate goal of human existence (finis ultimus) is taken into account instead of isolated partial goals of individual actions alone. The extensive source material suggests an exemplary approach based on one of the main passions (timor - fear) and a theological passion (amor - love). The central hypotheses are, that with Thomas emotions do not motivate eo ipso, but on the one hand through a specific object reference, which is supposed to make the origin of the evoked emotion understandable and which assigns it a certain cognitive content, which makes it rationally accessible; and on the other hand through a subtle "rectification" and finalization of all body-soul forces of the human being, i.e. vital as well as rational parts, as a holistic model of moral motivation on the basis of love as a unifying bond. The first results of the work to date indicate that it is also promising to locate the passiones within the Thomanic genesis of action and to consider their relationship to one another within the course of a process. The processing of the question promises in addition to a substantial income to Thomas-research also a profit for both the more analytical-oriented philosophical debates as well as a possible Proprium Christianum in questions concerning the topic of moral motivation.

该项目的目的是情绪理论的托马斯阿奎那，因为她是要找到他的论文的激情的灵魂，passiones animae，以评估其重要性的理解道德动机。托马斯认为，情绪是否有助于行为动机的发展，尤其是如何促进行为动机的发展，这一点还有待研究。出发点是当前情感哲学中的观察，根据这些观察，情感在如何理解道德动机的问题上发挥着关键作用，即对道德意图的信念如何对行动有效。然而，相对而言，我们仍然不清楚情绪是如何激发的，这种效果最终是基于什么，以及它们与参与行动控制的理性行动主体的其他力量之间的关系是如何想象的。求助于托马斯冯阿奎那对动物激情的反思，这在范围和系统意义上仍然被低估，开辟了一个领域，迄今为止在（神学）伦理学中基本上没有研究过这个问题，并代表了设想的项目的核心。在方法论方面，其目的不仅是在狭义上重建阿奎那情感理论的结构和架构，而且特别是要阐明其相关的道德心理学，以及形而上学和神学的先决条件，例如关于灵魂的概念及其奋斗理论，或者，如果末世论的人类生存的最终目标（pecultimus）是考虑到，而不是单独的个人行动孤立的部分目标。广泛的原始材料提出了一种基于主要激情之一（timor -恐惧）和神学激情（amor -爱）的示范性方法。中心假设是，与托马斯情绪并不动机eo ipso，但一方面通过一个特定的对象参考，这是应该使起源的诱发情绪可以理解，并赋予它一定的认知内容，这使得它合理地访问;另一方面，通过微妙的“矫正”和人类所有身体-灵魂力量的最终化，即重要的和理性的部分，作为一种道德动机的整体模型，它建立在爱的基础上，爱是一种统一的纽带。迄今为止的第一批工作结果表明，在行动的起源中定位激情，并在一个过程中考虑它们彼此之间的关系，也是有希望的。对这个问题的处理除了给哲学研究带来可观的收入外，还为更多的分析导向的哲学辩论以及在有关道德动机的问题上可能的基督徒专有权带来利润。