Exploring the re-emergence of grammar: The Russian new vocative in an interplay of morphology, phonology and phonetics

称呼语指的是我们用来直接称呼某人的语言手段。通过对俄语“新”呼格表达的个案研究，本项目旨在回答普通语言学中有关呼格表达的经验和理论问题，包括在多种标记策略（如形态和韵律等）的相互作用下，新呼格是如何被标记的。以及语言学理论如何模拟这些互动。本研究的三个具体问题是：（1）现代俄语中是否存在新呼格的语音语法？(ii)在新呼格的语境中，语音学如何与形态学和音系学相互作用？(iii)如何通过形态学、音韵学和语音学的相互作用来塑造新的呼格？为了解决这些问题，本文利用俄语国家语料库中的文本数据和多模态俄语语料库中的音频数据进行了基于语料库的研究。到目前为止的结果表明，（一）新的呼不仅是标记形态，但也通过韵律，如使用独特的语调;（二）新的呼显示出不规则的执行字末阻塞清化，与其他词类相比。更详细的研究结果将在未来几年以期刊论文的形式发表。综上所述，本研究有助于我们进一步理解普通语言学中的呼格类型和演变以及形态-音系-语音界面理论。

Vocative expressions refer to the linguistic means that we use to directly address someone. Through a case study of the Russian “new” vocative expressions, the current project aimed to answer empirical and theoretical questions on vocative expressions in general linguistics, which include in what way the new vocatives are linguistically marked in an interplay of multiple marking strategies (such as morphology and prosody etc.) and how linguistic theories can model those interactions. Three specific research questions of the current study were as follows: (i) Is there a phonetic grammar of the new vocative in present-day Russian?; (ii) How does phonetics interact with morphology and phonology in the context of the new vocative?; (iii) How can the new vocative be modeled through the interplay of morphology, phonology and phonetics?To address these questions, corpus-based studies were conducted by utilizing the text data in the Russian National Corpus and the audio data in the Multimodal Russian Corpus. The results so far demonstrated that (i) the new vocative is marked not only by morphology, but also by prosody such as the use of distinctive intonation; (ii) the new vocative shows irregularities in the implementation of word-final obstruent devoicing, compared with other word classes. More detailed results will be published as a journal paper in the upcoming years.Taken together, the current study contributed to advance our understanding of the vocative typology and evolution as well as the morphology-phonology-phonetics interface theories in general linguistics.