Towards the molecular mechanism of rancRNA_18 function: Is this ncRNA a global translation inhibitor?

探寻 rancRNA_18 功能的分子机制：这个 ncRNA 是全局翻译抑制剂吗？

• 批准号: 320971601
• 负责人: Dr. Julia Reuther
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Departement für Chemie, Biochemie und Pharmazie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Fellowships
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-31 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/320971601?language=en
• 关键词: Towards; molecular; mechanism; rancRNA_18; function

The ribosome constitutes one of the most central enzymes for cellular metabolism. Recent advances suggest that the translation machinery serves as pivotal regulatory hub in protein homeostasis and stress response. While it was assumed initially that every ribosome in a cell or organism is identical with respect to its molecular composition and catalytic performance, growing evidence argues against this view. It has been shown that translation in general and the ribosome in particular has to rapidly adapt to external signals. The rate of protein biosynthesis has to be tightly controlled and regulated in order to save cellular energy and to allow the rapid adaptation to stress situations. Failure of the translation apparatus to adequately respond to challenging environmental conditions can result in cell death and disease. Recently, the ribosome was identified as binding target for numerous small non-protein-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in various organisms of all three domains of life. It appears that ribosome-associated ncRNAs (rancRNAs) are a prevalent, yet poorly understood class of cellular transcripts. A central aim of this proposal is to elucidate the functional mechanisms how stress-induced rancRNAs are capable of fine tuning the rate of protein synthesis in the eukaryotic model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

核糖体是细胞代谢中最重要的酶之一。最近的研究表明，翻译机制是蛋白质稳态和应激反应的关键调节枢纽。虽然最初假设细胞或生物体中的每个核糖体在分子组成和催化性能方面都是相同的，但越来越多的证据反对这种观点。已经表明，翻译一般，特别是核糖体必须迅速适应外部信号。蛋白质生物合成的速率必须严格控制和调节，以节省细胞能量并快速适应压力情况。翻译装置不能充分响应挑战性的环境条件可能导致细胞死亡和疾病。最近，核糖体被鉴定为所有三个生命领域的各种生物体中的许多小的非蛋白质编码RNA（ncRNA）的结合靶。核糖体相关的非编码RNA（rancRNA）似乎是一种流行的，但了解甚少的细胞转录本。该提案的一个中心目的是阐明应激诱导的rancRNAs如何能够微调真核模式生物酿酒酵母中蛋白质合成速率的功能机制。