Truth in encounter. Processes of Change in the religious formation of identity using the example of Protestant Indonesian Churches

这一跨文化神学领域的研究项目旨在更全面地了解灌输和跨文化过程导致的宗教认同结构的变化和局限性，并以印度尼西亚的三个新教教会为例：爪哇基督教教会(GKJ)、巴厘岛新教教会(GKPB)和托拉贾教会(Gereja Toraja)。它们是在19世纪和20世纪的新教传教活动中建立的，作为土著居民的教堂，在20世纪获得了独立。人们站出来接受传教士洗礼的基督教信息，不仅包含由其地理来源决定的政治权力的主张。它被欧洲文化着重浸透了。在民族独立运动之后，特别是在1945年印度尼西亚共和国宣布成立之后，印度尼西亚教会越来越意识到自己的文化身份，并努力产生适合居住的背景神学。与这场斗争有关的主要资料仍可在当地找到，并将在该项目中通过选定的专题领域进行调查：妇女任命(GKJ)、基督教艺术与建筑(GKPB)以及传统的哀悼和埋葬仪式(Gereja Toraja)。跨文化和神学谈判的过程在这里尤其明显：分析将特别侧重于以下问题：在哪些背景下应用了哪些标准，以便在印度尼西亚人自己的地理-文化背景下确定和界定基督徒的身份。作为对跨文化神学理论形成的贡献，该研究项目关注于在神学话语中映射上下文和普遍真理主张。为此，还将使用从文化研究、宗教哲学和社会政治中选取的适当概念对个案研究进行调查。

This research project in the field of intercultural theology aims at a fuller understanding of changes to and limitations of religious identity constructions induced by processes of inculturation and transculturation, using the example of three Protestant, Indonesian churches: the Christian Church of Java (GKJ), the Protestant Christian Church of Bali (GKPB), and the Toraja-church (Gereja Toraja). They were founded in the course of Protestant missionary activities during the 19th and 20th centuries, as churches with indigenous populations, obtaining their independence during the 20th century. The Christian message, into which people came forward to be baptized by missionaries, contained not merely claims of political power determined by its geographical origin. It was emphatically saturated by European culture. In the wake of the national independence movement, and especially after the proclamation of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945, the Indonesian churches were increasingly conscious of their cultural identities and strove to produce habitable contextual theologies. Primary sources relating to that struggle are still accessible on the ground, and will be investigated in this project by selected topic areas: women's ordination (GKJ), Christian art and architecture (GKPB), and traditional Mourning- and Burial rites (Gereja Toraja) The processes of intercultural and theological negotiation are especially visible here: the analysis will focus in particular on the question as to which criteria were applied in which contexts of argumentation in order to determine and circumscribe Christian identity in Indonesians' own, geographic-cultural context. As a contribution to theory formation in intercultural theology, the research project is concerned with mapping contextual and universal truth claims within theological discourse. For this, the case studies will also be investigated using appropriately selected concepts taken from cultural studies, philosophy of religion and socio-politics.