Truth in encounter. Processes of Change in the religious formation of identity using the example of Protestant Indonesian Churches

这个跨文化神学领域的研究项目旨在更全面地理解由本土化和跨文化过程引起的宗教身份建构的变化和局限性，并以三个印度尼西亚新教教会为例：爪哇基督教会（GKJ）、巴厘岛新教基督教会（GKPB）和托拉贾教会（Gereja Toraja）。它们是在19世纪和20世纪新教传教活动的过程中建立的，作为土著居民的教堂，在20世纪获得独立。人们前来接受传教士洗礼的基督教教义，不仅包含了由其地理起源决定的政治权力要求。它明显浸透了欧洲文化。在民族独立运动之后，特别是在1945年印度尼西亚共和国宣布成立之后，印度尼西亚教会越来越意识到他们的文化身份，并努力产生适合的背景神学。与这一斗争有关的第一手资料仍然可以在当地找到，本项目将根据选定的主题领域进行调查：妇女的圣职（GKJ）、基督教艺术和建筑（GKPB）以及传统的丧葬仪式（Gereja Toraja）。分析将特别集中于下列问题：哪些标准适用于哪些论证环境，以便在印度尼西亚人自己的地理文化环境中确定和界定基督徒身份。作为对跨文化神学理论形成的贡献，该研究项目涉及在神学话语中绘制上下文和普遍真理主张。为此，案例研究也将使用从文化研究、宗教哲学和社会政治中适当选择的概念进行调查。

This research project in the field of intercultural theology aims at a fuller understanding of changes to and limitations of religious identity constructions induced by processes of inculturation and transculturation, using the example of three Protestant, Indonesian churches: the Christian Church of Java (GKJ), the Protestant Christian Church of Bali (GKPB), and the Toraja-church (Gereja Toraja). They were founded in the course of Protestant missionary activities during the 19th and 20th centuries, as churches with indigenous populations, obtaining their independence during the 20th century. The Christian message, into which people came forward to be baptized by missionaries, contained not merely claims of political power determined by its geographical origin. It was emphatically saturated by European culture. In the wake of the national independence movement, and especially after the proclamation of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945, the Indonesian churches were increasingly conscious of their cultural identities and strove to produce habitable contextual theologies. Primary sources relating to that struggle are still accessible on the ground, and will be investigated in this project by selected topic areas: women's ordination (GKJ), Christian art and architecture (GKPB), and traditional Mourning- and Burial rites (Gereja Toraja) The processes of intercultural and theological negotiation are especially visible here: the analysis will focus in particular on the question as to which criteria were applied in which contexts of argumentation in order to determine and circumscribe Christian identity in Indonesians' own, geographic-cultural context. As a contribution to theory formation in intercultural theology, the research project is concerned with mapping contextual and universal truth claims within theological discourse. For this, the case studies will also be investigated using appropriately selected concepts taken from cultural studies, philosophy of religion and socio-politics.