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Heat waves in Berlin, Germany - Urban climate modifications

德国柏林的热浪 - 城市气候变化

基本信息

批准号：
322579844
负责人：
Professor Dr. Dieter Scherer
金额：
--
依托单位：
Fachgebiet Klimatologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2015-12-31 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/322579844?language=en
关键词：
Heat waves Berlin Germany Urban

项目摘要

The project "Urban climate modifications" is one of three projects that is proposed as project entitled "Heat waves in Berlin, Germany". The project shall study occurrence and characteristics of heat waves in Berlin and their negative impacts on human health, in collaboration with the research partners Eva Müller and Gerd Wessolek (Technische Universität Berlin) who propose the project "Water stress for urban trees", and with Sebastian Schubert (Humboldt-Universität Berlin) who intends to develop an improved method for dynamical downscaling of global climate projections for cities to be tested for the example of Berlin in his project "Climate projections". The DFG research unit 1736 "Urban Climate and Heat Stress in mid-latitude cities in view of climate change (UCaHS)", funded till mid of 2016, could e.g. reveal that in the first decade of the 21st century several episodes of above-average warm weather conditions occurred in each year that are statistically highly correlated with increased mortality of Berlin's population. In this project, we shall investigate, how the risk-based approach developed in UCaHS could be further improved and used for identification of heat waves. The heat waves identified by this approach shall then be studied with respect to differences in meteorological conditions between heat waves, how these relate to antecedent meteorological conditions, and how urban structures and trees cause intra-urban differences. Joint research shall target on studying the influence of water stress on climate-regulatory ecosystem services by transpirative cooling and shading using a multi-scale approach. In addition, differences between urban and rural areas shall be analysed. The comprehensive data sets from the Urban Climate Observation Network and from the German Weather Service, from further observations (incl. eddy-covariance measurements), as well as the gridded data of the Central Europe Refined analysis (CER) shall be complemented, updated and analysed with respect to the above-mentioned research topics. This includes development and testing of methods for spatial aggregation of meteorological and human-biometeorological data for individual city districts and areas in the surroundings, such that comprehensive, spatially distributed risk data could be analysed with respect to spatial differences in hazards caused by heat waves. In this context, joint research shall quantify uncertainties in climate projections with high spatial resolution, and study how they influence identification and analysis of heat waves under future climate conditions.

“城市气候变化”项目是作为“德国柏林热浪”项目提出的三个项目之一。该项目将与研究伙伴Eva m<e:1> ller和Gerd Wessolek（柏林技术公司Universität）合作，研究柏林热浪的发生和特征及其对人类健康的负面影响，他们提出了“城市树木的水资源压力”项目。并与Sebastian Schubert （Humboldt-Universität Berlin）合作，他打算开发一种改进的方法，以动态缩小全球气候预测的尺度，以柏林为例，在他的项目“气候预测”中进行测试。DFG研究单位1736“考虑到气候变化的中纬度城市的城市气候和热应激（UCaHS）”，资助至2016年中期，例如可以揭示，在21世纪的第一个十年中，每年都会发生几次高于平均水平的温暖天气条件，这在统计上与柏林人口死亡率的增加高度相关。在这个项目中，我们将研究如何进一步改进UCaHS开发的基于风险的方法，并将其用于识别热浪。通过这种方法确定的热浪应根据热浪之间气象条件的差异，这些与先前的气象条件的关系，以及城市结构和树木如何造成城市内部差异进行研究。联合研究应以多尺度研究水分胁迫对气候调节生态系统服务的影响为目标。此外，还应分析城乡之间的差异。城市气候观测网和德国气象局的综合数据集、进一步观测的数据集（包括涡旋协方差测量）以及中欧精细化分析（CER）的网格数据集，应就上述研究课题进行补充、更新和分析。这包括开发和试验将个别城市地区和周边地区的气象和人类生物气象数据进行空间汇总的方法，以便就热浪造成的危害的空间差异分析全面的、空间分布的风险数据。在此背景下，联合研究应量化高空间分辨率气候预估中的不确定性，并研究它们如何影响未来气候条件下的热浪识别和分析。