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A hidden treasure: Ecological implications from benthic foraminiferal propagule banks in coastal environments of Corfu (Ionian Sea)

隐藏的宝藏：科孚岛（爱奥尼亚海）沿海环境底栖有孔虫繁殖体库的生态意义

基本信息

批准号：
323009980
负责人：
Dr. Anna E. Weinmann
金额：
--
依托单位：
Abteilung Paläontologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2015-12-31 至 2021-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/323009980?language=en
关键词：
hidden treasure Ecological implications benthic

项目摘要

Benthic foraminifera have become increasingly important as bioindicators, especially in shallow-water and coastal environments. Due to their ubiquity, high abundances, and short generation times, they are able to react quickly to various environmental changes. Changes in assemblage compositions as well as the presence or absence of indicator taxa are frequently used in biomonitoring or ecological change studies. In the last few years, a new approach has been developed to complement conventional field and laboratory studies on foraminiferal ecology: The Propagule Method. This experimental approach targets propagule banks – assemblages of tiny foraminiferal juveniles that occur in the fine fraction of the sediment. Propagules can be easily dispersed and are able to settle outside of their natural distribution ranges. Isolating the propagule bank and exposing it to different environmental conditions in the laboratory allows the evaluation of possible faunal reactions to the environmental variations in question. By targeting the growth of juvenile specimens under specific conditions, it becomes possible to better understand and evaluate the potential of the propagule bank as a species pool.The aim of this research project is to study assemblage reactions of foraminiferal propagule banks from Corfu (Greece) to changes in oceanic variables that will become increasingly important in coming decades: temperature extremes and decreasing pH values. The Mediterranean Sea is particularly impacted by these environmental changes. Ongoing ocean warming will lead to seasonal temperature peaks in the summer months that will create particularly stressful conditions for shallow-water faunas and floras. Additionally, ocean acidification and the subsequent drop in pH poses a threat to calcifying organisms – including foraminifera. With the application of the Propagule Method, the project will target assemblage reactions to extreme conditions that might occur in the coming decades. At the same time, the potential of the propagule bank to provide recovery mechanisms of impacted assemblages will be analyzed. Subsequently, the remarkable capacity of the propagule bank as a species pool will be evaluated. In this context, the experimental Propagule Method will, for the first time, be complemented by genetic analyses (barcoding and metabarcoding).

底栖有孔虫作为生物指示器越来越重要，特别是在浅水和沿海环境中。由于它们的普遍性，高丰度和短世代时间，它们能够对各种环境变化做出快速反应。组合组成的变化以及指示类群的存在或不存在经常被用于生物监测或生态变化研究。在过去的几年里，一种新的方法已经发展到补充常规的现场和实验室研究有孔虫生态学：微生物学方法。这种实验方法的目标是繁殖体库--沉积物中细小部分中出现的微小有孔虫幼鱼的组合。水分子可以很容易地分散，并且能够在其自然分布范围之外沉降。隔离繁殖体库并将其暴露在实验室的不同环境条件下，可以评估动物对有关环境变化的可能反应。通过针对特定条件下的幼年标本的生长，可以更好地了解和评估繁殖体库作为物种库的潜力，本研究项目的目的是研究科孚岛（希腊）的有孔虫繁殖体库对未来几十年将变得越来越重要的海洋变量变化的组合反应：极端温度和pH值下降。地中海尤其受到这些环境变化的影响。持续的海洋变暖将导致夏季的季节性温度峰值，这将为浅水动物群和植物群创造特别紧张的条件。此外，海洋酸化和随后的pH值下降对钙化生物构成威胁-包括有孔虫。通过应用模拟方法，该项目将针对未来几十年可能发生的极端条件下的组合反应。同时，将分析繁殖体库提供受影响组合的恢复机制的潜力。随后，将评估繁殖体库作为物种库的显著能力。在这种情况下，实验性的基因组方法将首次得到遗传分析（条形码和元条形码）的补充。