Hunting for Rare Treasure with Machine Learning: Gravitational Lensing and Glitches in the Euclid space telescope and Vera Rubin Observatory

来自超大质量黑洞的喷流戏剧性地影响着星系在宇宙历史上的生长和变化。喷流通过星际和星际介质传输能量，影响恒星形成的时间和地点，并控制当今星系的大小和外观。我们在俄勒冈大学的团队已经开创了评估喷流对其所在星系影响的方法，但直到最近，我们对黑洞/星系相互作用的理解还受到以前射电调查的限制，这些射电调查只对最亮的系统有偏见，特别是在高红移时。我们正处于射电天文学领域的快速发展时期，新技术使我们能够非常深入、广泛地观察射电宇宙。我们在俄亥俄州立大学的团队在国际LOFAR望远镜的调查中发挥了领导作用。LOFAS望远镜覆盖了整个欧洲，核心在荷兰，从爱尔兰到波兰都有观测站。LOFAS在最低射电频率下的敏感度不仅提供了迄今为止对各种天体物理环境中喷气的最深入观察，还提供了喷气在其生命周期的所有阶段的独特视角，因为最低频率能够探测到较老的射电等离子体。LOFAR调查的第二次数据发布将于2022年发布，包含约400万射电源，使其成为有史以来最大的射电天空调查。在进行主要调查的同时，我们还获得了新的弧下成像，这充分受益于LOFAS关于样品和感兴趣物体的国际基线。这一博士项目将涉及使用这些丰富的新数据集来构建以前的调查中没有探测到的数千个低光度喷气式种群的样本，目的是为高分辨率和多波长后续行动确定感兴趣的种群。你将使用我们开发的新方法，将喷流种群仔细的形态分类与宿主星系属性和源年龄的信息结合起来，以确定喷流活动和环境影响的典型生命周期如何依赖于宿主星系和黑洞质量、大范围环境，以及这些周期如何随着红移而演变。

Jets from supermassive black holes dramatically affect how galaxies grow and change over the history of the universe. Jets transport energy through the interstellar and intergalactic medium, influencing when and where stars are formed, and controlling the size and appearance of present-day galaxies. Our team at the OU have pioneered methods of assessing the impact of jets on their host galaxies, but until recently our understanding of black-hole/galaxy interplay was greatly hindered by the limits of previous radio surveys that give a biased view of only the brightest systems, particularly at high redshifts.We are in a period of rapid growth in the field of radio astronomy, with new technology enabling very deep, wide-area views of the radio Universe. Our group at the OU has a leading role in surveys with the International LOFAR Telescope (www.lofar-surveys.org). The LOFAS telescope spans all of Europe, with its core in the Netherlands, and stations from Ireland to Poland. As well as providing the deepest view of jets to date, across a wide range of astrophysical environments, LOFAS's sensitivity at the lowest radio frequencies provides a unique view of jets at all stages in their life cycles, because the lowest frequencies enable the detection of older radio plasma.The second data release of the LOFAR surveys will take place in 2022, and contain around 4 million radio sources, making it the biggest ever survey of the radio sky. In parallel to the main survey we also have access to new subarcsec imaging that fully benefits from LOFAS's international baselines for samples and objects of interest. This PhD project will involve using these rich new datasets to construct samples of thousands of low-luminosity jet populations not detected in previous surveys with the aim of identifying interesting populations for high-resolution and multi-wavelength follow up. You will combine careful morphological classification of jet populations, using new methods we have developed, with information about hos galaxy properties and source ages to determine how typical life cycles of jet activity and environmental impact depend on host galaxy and black hole mass, large-scale environment, and how these cycles evolve with redshift.