Hunting for Rare Treasure with Machine Learning: Gravitational Lensing and Glitches in the Euclid space telescope and Vera Rubin Observatory

来自超大质量黑洞的喷流极大地影响了星系在宇宙历史上的生长和变化。喷流通过星际和星系间介质传输能量，影响恒星形成的时间和地点，并控制着当今星系的大小和外观。我们的团队在射电天文学领域开创了评估喷流对宿主星系影响的方法，但直到最近，我们对黑洞/星系相互作用的理解受到了以前射电观测的限制，这些观测只对最亮的系统有偏见，特别是在高红移时。我们正处于射电天文学领域快速发展的时期，新技术使我们能够非常深入地，无线电宇宙的广域视图。我们的团队在国际LOFAR望远镜（www.lofar-surveys.org）的调查中发挥了主导作用。LOFAS望远镜横跨整个欧洲，其核心位于荷兰，从爱尔兰到波兰都有观测站。LOFAS在最低无线电频率下的灵敏度不仅提供了迄今为止在各种天体物理环境中对喷流最深入的观察，而且还提供了喷流生命周期各个阶段的独特观察，因为最低频率可以检测到较老的无线电等离子体。LOFAR调查的第二次数据发布将于2022年进行，包含约400万个射电源，使其成为有史以来最大的无线电天空调查。在进行主要调查的同时，我们还可以获得新的亚弧秒成像，这完全得益于LOFAS的样品和感兴趣物体的国际基线。这个博士项目将涉及使用这些丰富的新数据集来构建以前调查中未检测到的数千个低光度喷流种群的样本，目的是确定高分辨率和多波长后续的有趣种群。你将结合联合收割机仔细的形态学分类喷流人口，使用我们已经开发的新方法，与信息的hos星系属性和源年龄，以确定如何典型的生命周期喷流活动和环境影响取决于主机星系和黑洞质量，大尺度环境，以及如何这些周期与红移演变。

Jets from supermassive black holes dramatically affect how galaxies grow and change over the history of the universe. Jets transport energy through the interstellar and intergalactic medium, influencing when and where stars are formed, and controlling the size and appearance of present-day galaxies. Our team at the OU have pioneered methods of assessing the impact of jets on their host galaxies, but until recently our understanding of black-hole/galaxy interplay was greatly hindered by the limits of previous radio surveys that give a biased view of only the brightest systems, particularly at high redshifts.We are in a period of rapid growth in the field of radio astronomy, with new technology enabling very deep, wide-area views of the radio Universe. Our group at the OU has a leading role in surveys with the International LOFAR Telescope (www.lofar-surveys.org). The LOFAS telescope spans all of Europe, with its core in the Netherlands, and stations from Ireland to Poland. As well as providing the deepest view of jets to date, across a wide range of astrophysical environments, LOFAS's sensitivity at the lowest radio frequencies provides a unique view of jets at all stages in their life cycles, because the lowest frequencies enable the detection of older radio plasma.The second data release of the LOFAR surveys will take place in 2022, and contain around 4 million radio sources, making it the biggest ever survey of the radio sky. In parallel to the main survey we also have access to new subarcsec imaging that fully benefits from LOFAS's international baselines for samples and objects of interest. This PhD project will involve using these rich new datasets to construct samples of thousands of low-luminosity jet populations not detected in previous surveys with the aim of identifying interesting populations for high-resolution and multi-wavelength follow up. You will combine careful morphological classification of jet populations, using new methods we have developed, with information about hos galaxy properties and source ages to determine how typical life cycles of jet activity and environmental impact depend on host galaxy and black hole mass, large-scale environment, and how these cycles evolve with redshift.