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One-World Semantics for Modals and Attitudes

模态和态度的同一个世界语义

基本信息

批准号：
20K00613
负责人：
タンクレディクリストファー
金额：
$ 1.66万
依托单位：
Keio University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2020-04-01 至 2025-03-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-20K00613/
关键词：
identity modality attitudes subjective semantics I-semantics belief model theory discourse pragmatics modals possible worlds semantics inference

项目摘要

The most significant achievement this year was the publication of "Belief or Consequences" in the journal "Semantics and Pragmatics". This paper presented a novel way of analyzing belief attribution sentences that is vastly simpler than and empirically superior to all known alternatives in the literature. Two insights were key to the improvement: identifying the embedded clause as denoting an inferable consequence of an internal belief rather than directly denoting an internal belief, and analyzing interpretation as essentially subjective rather than objective. After publication, these research results were presented directly to audiences at six major institutions in Europe.Work has additionally progressed on the analysis of modality and of identity statements. Most importantly for our future plans, we have identified identity statements as the empirical core we will look at to probe the semantics of other attitude attributions and of modal statements. The interpretive framework from "Belief or Consequences" is specifically designed to relate interpretation to the beliefs of the discourse participants and so easily handles identity statements in epistemic modal contexts, something that is challenging to other approaches. For this same reason, it is also readily extendable to identity statements in other attitude contexts. However, it faces challenges with those same identity statements in metaphysical modal contexts. Working out responses to these challenges is the central task for the upcoming year.

今年最重要的成就是在《语义学与语用学》杂志上发表了《信念或后果》一书。本文提出了一种新的方法来分析信念归因句子，这是大大简单，经验上上级优于所有已知的替代文献。两个见解是关键的改进：确定嵌入式条款表示的内部信念，而不是直接表示内部信念的可推断的后果，并分析解释基本上是主观的，而不是客观的。这些研究成果发表后，直接向欧洲六个主要机构的听众介绍，在模态分析和身份陈述方面的工作也取得了进展。对于我们未来的计划来说，最重要的是，我们已经确定了身份陈述作为我们将研究的经验核心，以探索其他态度归因和模态陈述的语义。来自“信念或后果”的解释框架是专门设计来将解释与话语参与者的信念联系起来的，因此可以轻松地处理认知模态背景下的身份陈述，这对其他方法来说是一个挑战。出于同样的原因，它也很容易扩展到其他态度背景下的身份陈述。然而，在形而上学模态语境中，它面临着同样的同一性陈述的挑战。制定应对这些挑战的对策是今后一年的中心任务。