Sprachliche Differenz zwischen Unterscheidung und Ereignis (Jakobson, Luhmann, Humboldt, Gadamer, Heidegger)

区别和事件之间的语言差异（雅各布森、卢曼、洪堡、伽达默尔、海德格尔）

• 批准号: 324636335
• 负责人: Dr. Hajnalka Halasz
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Forschungsschwerpunkt Lebenswissen
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Publication Grants
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-31 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/324636335?language=en
• 关键词: Sprachliche; Differenz; zwischen; Unterscheidung; und

It is certainly no accident that, at the start of the twentieth century, as the effect of language on (philosophical) thinking was no longer reported in terms of symptoms and signs, but rather as having "witnesses" that is, as the first scientific reflections on this knowledgeappeared, - the definition of language or of the sign was already being seen as inseparable from the definition of the difference. At the time, language, even before it could become the subject of these scientific reflections, was already understood as a type of difference, and indeed this occurred without the strange appearance of this conceptual connection being able to be linked to a conscious act of foundation - or any sort of starting theory. Language did not suddenly arise as an object of interest or subject at the centre of attention. Rather, its effect was felt as an event that was already past but still latent and formative in the present, which, while certainly interpreteddifferently, was experienced together; while it certainly cannot be left uncommented on, it resists the temporal-causal order of the narrative and its distinctions. At the same time, language itself - with its intrusive experience - evades; it retreats back into itself as a difference and disappears just at the moment in which it as such appears and arises as a subject. When we consider the twentieth century history (whether a story of success or decline) of the definition of language from this point of view, or we read it as an answer to a latent event, the truth - demonstrable textually - of the interdependence of the definition of language with difference can be better understood. The goal of the present paper is to put the above-formulated hypotheses to the test through a close reading of exemplary works (by Roman Jakobson, Niklas Luhmann, Wilhelm von Humboldt, Hans-Georg Gadamer, and Martin Heidegger, among others),or, alternatively, to pursue the interdependence of language and difference in these texts.

在20世纪初，语言对（哲学）思维的影响不再以症状和符号的形式被报道，而是作为“证人”，也就是说，随着对这一知识的第一次科学反思的出现，语言或符号的定义已经被视为与差异的定义不可分割。在当时，语言甚至在成为这些科学反思的主题之前就已经被理解为一种差异，而且事实上，这种差异的发生并没有这种概念联系的奇怪外观能够与一种有意识的基础行为或任何类型的起始理论联系起来。语言并不是突然成为人们感兴趣的对象或关注的中心。相反，它的影响被认为是一个已经过去的事件，但在现在仍然是潜在的和形成的，虽然肯定有不同的解释，但一起经历;虽然肯定不能不加评论，但它抵制了叙述的时间因果顺序及其区别。与此同时，语言本身--连同它的侵入性经验--回避了;它作为一种差异退回到它自己之中，并在它作为一个主体出现和升起的时刻消失了。如果我们从这个角度来考察20世纪语言定义的历史（无论是成功还是衰落的故事），或者把它当作对一个潜在事件的回答来读，那么我们就能更好地理解语言定义与差异之间的相互依赖性这一真理--这一真理在文本中是可以证明的。本文的目标是通过对典型作品（罗曼·雅各布森、尼克拉斯·卢曼、威廉·冯·洪堡、汉斯-格奥尔格·伽达默尔和马丁·海德格尔等）的仔细阅读来检验上述假设，或者，追求这些文本中语言和差异的相互依赖性。