Bidirectional Inductive Charging Systems: Design Strategies, Simulation-oriented Shielding Optimization and Electromagnetic Field Dosimetry

用于电动汽车的感应无线电力传输系统旨在简化储能系统的充电过程，并且已经作为现实生活中的原型进行了测试。然而，潜在的概念并不包括将电动汽车和混合动力汽车用作电网的中间能量存储系统的预期可能性。在这里，双向感应充电系统所需的技术基础还不够充分。本研究计划的目标是获得双向感应电力传输系统在未来适用性和技术性能方面的设计规则。这还包括与电子系统或车辆内外人员有关的这些系统的电磁兼容性方面。需要磁屏蔽系统来确保维持现有的监管限制。由于现代汽车车身中使用的轻质材料的高功率密度和低电导率的结合，可能会出现具体问题。本研究计划的重点是对感应充电系统的这种屏蔽结构的技术模拟及其有效性进行基础研究，重点是开发和使用这种屏蔽结构的高保真数值场模拟和测量方法。对于感应充电系统的设计和优化，需要采用数值场模拟的方法进行环境电磁兼容性评估。在本研究计划中，我们的目标是改进和扩展现有的模拟方法，以改进数值电磁剂量学模拟，使计算机辅助优化磁屏蔽结构成为可能。该提案的科学挑战在于这些电磁场问题的多尺度特征，因为必须在电磁环境（例如汽车车身）的复杂几何三维表示中考虑薄而轻的屏蔽结构，这些结构内部和外部还具有高分辨率的车身幻影。通过对不同磁屏蔽结构的计划测量，可以验证所需的建模假设。

Inductive wireless power transfer systems for electric vehicles are designed to simplify the charging process of energy storage systems and are already tested as real life prototypes. The underlying concept, however, does not include the intended possible use of electric and hybrid electric vehicles as intermediate energy storage systems for the energy grid. Here, the required technical foundations for bidirectional inductive charging systems are not sufficiently available yet. The goal of this research proposal aims at getting design rules of bidirectional inductive power transfer systems with respect to future applicability and technological performance. This also includes aspects of the electromagnetic compatibility of these systems related either to electronic systems or to persons in and outside the vehicles. Magnetic shielding systems are required to ensure that existing regulatory restrictions are maintained. Specific problems can occur due to the combination of high power densities and low electric conductivities of lightweight materials used in modern car bodies.This research proposal focusses on fundamental research related to technical simulations of such shielding configurations for inductive charging systems and their effectivity by concentrating on the development and use of methods for high-fidelity numerical field simulations and measurements of such shielding structures.For the design and optimization of inductive charging systems, the numerical field simulation method is required for the environmental electromagnetic compatibility assessment. In this research proposal, we aim to improve and extend existing simulation methods for an improved numerical electromagnetic dosimetry simulations such that a computer-aided optimization of magnetic shielding structures becomes possible. The scientific challenge of this proposal lies in the multiscale character of these electromagnetic field problems as thin and lightweight shielding structures have to be considered in complex geometric three-dimensional representations of the electromagnetic environment (e.g. car bodies) featuring also high-resolution body phantoms inside and outside these structures. The validation of the required modelling assumptions is possible with the planned measurements of different magnetic shielding structures.