EvoPlast - Evolution of plant phenotypic plasticity in response to grassland management

EvoPlast - 植物表型可塑性的进化响应草地管理

• 批准号: 325093177
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Johannes Fredericus Scheepens
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrbereich für Evolutionäre Ökologie der Pflanzen
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Infrastructure Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/325093177?language=en
• 关键词: EvoPlast; Evolution; plant; phenotypic; plasticity

Phenotypic plasticity (PP) is one of the key mechanisms by which plants respond to environmental changes. As there is heritable variation in PP in most plants, PP can evolve where it is adaptive. One such situation might be grassland management. Mowing, grazing and fertilization all create temporally variable environmental conditions, which should favor and thus select for increased PP, in particular the ability of plants to rapidly exploit temporary nutrient pulses, and the ability to regrow after damage. However, although it is well known that plants can rapidly adapt to different land-use practices, evolution of PP in response to land use has rarely been studied so far. Here, I propose a research project that will take advantage of the study plots, land use information and other environmental data in the Biodiversity Exploratories to test the following hypotheses:(1) Increased fertilization selected for increased PP in the ability of plants to rapidly respond to nutrient addition(2) Plants in more intensively grazed and mown sites show a stronger capacity for regrowth(3) Spatial heterogeneity in vegetation structure and temporal variation in land use generally correlates with greater PP(4) Population-level genetic diversity correlates positively with PPI will test these predictions in three common grassland species in the Biodiversity Exploratories: Bromus hordeaceus, Plantago lanceolata and Veronica chamaedrys, each sampled from 60 grassland EPs across the three Exploratories. I will carry out controlled common garden experiments in which the response to fertilization and clipping treatments will be measured in various functional traits (biomass, SLA, leaf C:N:P ratio and phenology). I will also measure fitness traits and investigate whether plastic responses are adaptive, and whether they also have a fitness cost. To test hypothesis (3) I will correlate PP with data on spatial heterogeneity, obtained via aerial or satellite photographs as well as from field observations. I will also correlate PP with an index of temporal land-use change reflecting temporal heterogeneity both within and between land-use practices. Finally, I will link my data to existing molecular marker data to examine correlations between neutral genetic diversity and PP.My project will be about a hitherto unexplored part of genetic diversity in the Biodiversity Exploratories and will thus increase our understanding in particular of the evolutionary consequences of land use on plants.

表型可塑性（PP）是植物响应环境变化的关键机制之一。由于大多数植物中的 PP 存在遗传变异，因此 PP 可以在适应的地方进化。其中一种情况可能是草原管理。割草、放牧和施肥都会产生随时间变化的环境条件，这有利于并因此选择增加 PP，特别是植物快速利用临时养分脉冲的能力，以及受损后再生的能力。然而，尽管众所周知植物可以快速适应不同的土地利用实践，但迄今为止对 PP 响应土地利用的演变的研究很少。在此，我提出一个研究项目，将利用生物多样性探索中的研究地块、土地利用信息和其他环境数据来检验以下假设：（1）选择增加施肥以提高植物对养分添加的快速反应能力的PP（2）更密集放牧和割草场地的植物表现出更强的再生能力（3）植被结构和时间变化的空间异质性 土地利用中的遗传多样性通常与较高的 PP 相关(4) 种群水平遗传多样性与 PPI 呈正相关 将在生物多样性探索中的三个常见草原物种中测试这些预测：大麦雀麦、车前草和维罗尼卡 chamaedrys，每个物种均从三个探索中的 60 个草原 EP 中取样。我将进行受控的普通花园实验，其中将测量各种功能性状（生物量、SLA、叶子 C:N:P 比率和物候）对施肥和修剪处理的反应。我还将测量健身特征并研究可塑性反应是否具有适应性，以及它们是否也有健身成本。为了检验假设 (3)，我将把 PP 与通过航空或卫星照片以及现场观测获得的空间异质性数据相关联。我还将把 PP 与反映土地利用实践内部和之间时间异质性的土地利用时间变化指数联系起来。最后，我会将我的数据与现有的分子标记数据联系起来，以检查中性遗传多样性和 PP 之间的相关性。我的项目将涉及生物多样性探索中迄今为止尚未探索的遗传多样性部分，从而增加我们的理解，特别是土地利用对植物的进化后果。

项目成果

Plant-Soil Feedbacks of Plantago lanceolata in the Field Depend on Plant Origin and Herbivory

• DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00422
• 发表时间: 2019-11
• 期刊: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: L. Kirchhoff;Anna Kirschbaum;J. Joshi;O. Bossdorf;J. F. Scheepens;J. Heinze

Variation in regrowth ability in relation to land-use intensity in three common grassland herbs

• DOI: 10.1093/jpe/rtab001
• 发表时间: 2021-06
• 期刊: Journal of Plant Ecology
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Anna Kirschbaum;O. Bossdorf;J. F. Scheepens

Genetic variation in non-structural carbohydrates in Plantago lanceolata is related to mowing intensity but not to regrowth ability

车前子非结构碳水化合物的遗传变异与割草强度有关，但与再生能力无关

• DOI: 10.32942/osf.io/2q9aj
• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Kirschbaum A;Hoch G;Bossdorf O;Scheepens JF
• 通讯作者: Scheepens JF