The impact of water constituents on radiative heat transfer in the open ocean and shelf seas

水成分对公海和陆架海辐射传热的影响

• 批准号: 326263211
• 负责人: Dr. Bronwyn Cahill, Ph.D.
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Leibniz-Institut für Ostseeforschung Warnemünde (IOW)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/326263211?language=en
• 关键词: impact; water; constituents; radiative; heat

Radiant energy fluxes impact biological production in the ocean and are themselves modulated as a result of biological production. This has fundamental consequences for upper ocean physics, surface nutrient supply, net primary and export production and the exchange of soluble gases across the air-sea interface into the marine atmospheric boundary layer. The contribution of optically active water constituents to heating rates in the upper ocean is intrinsically linked to net primary productivity and export production, through the direct effect of temperature on metabolic rates of marine plankton. As compared to the open ocean, the heterogeneity of water constituents in shelf seas and coastal waters is increased by the highly variable presence of inorganic suspended particulate matter and coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM). Sources of CDOM and changes to its composition through non-conservative processes are tightly coupled to the underwater light field. These will vary with environmental conditions and phytoplankton community structure. Moreover, heterogeneity in phytoplankton pigments and other water constituents will have implications for sub-mesoscale vertical mixing and advective fluxes, and thus water temperature, density and the supply of nutrients to the surface. Understanding what the consequences are for energy fluxes in the upper ocean and across the air-sea interface, and the accumulative effect on the upper ocean heat budget in shelf seas and coastal waters is of particular importance for our capacity to adequately model regional ocean climate.In this project, we will quantitatively examine the contribution of optically active water constituents (including phytoplankton, CDOM and inorganic suspended sediments) to energy fluxes in the upper ocean and across the air-sea interface. We will investigate how heterogeneity in water constituents impacts the characteristics of sub-mesoscale vertical turbulent mixing and advective fluxes and examine how variability in CDOM attenuation is reflected by environmental conditions and in phytoplankton community structure. This shall be achieved by using a coupled ocean-atmosphere circulation model incorporating a bio-optical module with multiple phytoplankton groups in tandem with an atmosphere-ocean radiative transfer model such that heating rates due to the highly variable concentrations of optically active water constituents can be rigorously estimated and their impact on ocean biophysical processes evaluated.

辐射能通量影响海洋中的生物生产，并且由于生物生产，辐射能通量本身也受到调制。这对上层海洋物理学、表层营养物供应、净初级生产和输出生产以及可溶气体通过海-气界面进入海洋大气边界层的交换产生了根本性影响。通过温度对海洋浮游生物代谢率的直接影响，光学活性水成分对上层海洋加热率的贡献与净初级生产力和输出生产力有着内在的联系。与公海相比，陆架海和沿海沃茨中的水成分的异质性由于无机悬浮颗粒物和有色溶解有机物（CDOM）的高度可变的存在而增加。CDOM的来源和通过非保守过程对其组成的改变与水下光场紧密耦合。这些将随环境条件和浮游植物群落结构而变化。此外，浮游植物色素和其他水成分的不均匀性将对次中尺度垂直混合和平流通量产生影响，从而影响水温、密度和向表面提供营养物质。了解海洋上层和海气界面能量通量的结果，以及陆架海和沿海沃茨海洋上层热量收支的累积效应，对于我们充分模拟区域海洋气候的能力特别重要。在本项目中，我们将定量研究光学活性水成分的贡献（包括浮游植物、CDOM和无机悬浮沉积物）对上层海洋和海气界面能量通量的影响。我们将研究水成分的异质性如何影响亚中尺度垂直湍流混合和平流通量的特征，并研究CDOM衰减的变化如何反映环境条件和浮游植物群落结构。为此，应使用海洋-大气环流耦合模型，该模型包括一个生物光学模块，其中有多个浮游植物群，并与大气-海洋辐射转移模型串联，以便能够严格估计光学活性水成分浓度变化很大所造成的加热率，并评估其对海洋生物物理过程的影响。