The physician and slaver Dr. Daniel Botefeur. The transition to the illegal slave trade in the Atlantic and in the Americas and the trafficking in West Africa. Microhistories of Knowledge

医生和奴隶贩子博士。

• 批准号: 328158832
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Michael Max Paul Zeuske
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Bonn Center for Dependency and Slavery Studies
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/328158832?language=en
• 关键词: physician; slaver; Dr.; Daniel; Botefeur.

The project comes to biographical and microhistorical dimensions of intercontinental slave trade from Africa across the Atlantic to the Americas at a time of global transition from Atlantic free trade with enslaved to illegal trafficking on the hidden Atlantic (Zeuske 2009). In the US and in the UK Atlantic slave trade was banned in 1808, in the Spanish Empire in 1820, in the Portuguese Empire in 1836, in France and Brazil in 1831 (in Brazil finally 1851). However, there was up to 1880, despite abolition, illegal smuggling of 2-4 Millions of people. During this time, a new group of Atlantic merchants arose, which generated in West Africa and the Atlantic slave trade / trafficking profits and capital and moored this in the form of Atlanticization in Slavery and plantation areas of America (both in cash as well as in capital of human body, especially in the Iberian territories, such as Cuba, Puerto Rico and Brazil, with links to the US). Atlanticization means that capital, people, knowledge, goods (commodities) could mainly come to the Americas through the space and the networks of the Atlantic, whereby this space won its own, also cultural quality. The new Atlantic elites coined from about 1830-40 the history of societies of Second Slavery (especially Cuba and Brazil; not so directly in the United States, which remains to research). At the same time, this period of the 19th century was, since about 1808/1815, as mentioned, a time of abolitions (first slave trade in 1794 / 1808 until 1840 and then Sklavereien (1794 / 1838 until 1888), the real abolition (not only legal discourses) was operated as a civilizing project before all by the United Kingdom.As a working hypothesis, the project assumes that to this group of new Atlantic merchants belonged mainly Iberian men, but also a number of Americans and men of other origins (as Daniel Botefeurfrom Hanover) and large groups of support staff (Atlantic Creoles, sailors and especially Luso-African brokers (tangomãos, grumetes)). The micro-historical dimension in the form of the life history of the physician and slaver Daniel Botefeur (around 1770 Hannover -1821 Charleston) as normative exception or exception that proves the rule with respect to the group of Atlantic entrepreneurs should show how first in West Africa, and then across the Atlantic and in the port cities of the colonial powers profits were generated and how societies were changed and modernized in the form of the mentioned atlanticization both in Africa, but especially in the regions of slavery in America. In a double micro dimension (Daniel Botefeur and his slave Robin Botefeur) the role of formal (medical) and empirical knowledge in the rise of Daniel Botefeur remains to be analyzed; in particular the knowledge of body, but also knowledge about the lives of the enslaved as well as the contacts in Africa.

该项目是从非洲跨大西洋到美洲的洲际贸易贸易的传记和微历史维度，在全球从大西洋自由贸易过渡时期，被奴役的非法贩运在隐藏的大西洋上被奴役（Zeuske 2009）。 1808年，在美国和英国，大西洋奴隶贸易被禁止在1820年的西班牙帝国，1836年在葡萄牙帝国于1831年在法国和巴西于1831年（1851年在巴西终于1851年）。但是，直到1880年，取消了任务，非法走私200到400万人。在这段时间里，一群新的大西洋商人出现了，它在西非和大西洋奴隶贸易 /贩运利润和资本中产生，并以奴隶制和美国的植物区域的大西洋化形式（包括现金以及人体的典型，尤其是在人类的资本中，尤其是在伊比利亚领土上，例如在伊比利亚领土），例如CUBA，PUERTO RICO和BRASAZIL，链接到纽约。大西洋化意味着，资本，人，知识，商品（商品）可能主要通过大西洋的空间和网络来到美洲，因此这个空间赢得了自己的文化质量。新的大西洋精英从1830 - 40年左右创造了第二奴隶制社会历史（尤其是古巴和巴西；在美国不是直接的，这仍然是待研究）。同时，19世纪的这一时期是自1808 /1815年以来，如前所述，是一个废除的时期（1794年 / 1808年至1840年的第一次奴隶贸易，然后是Sklavereien（1794 /1838年（1888年至1888年），直到1888年），直到1888年），不仅是在英国进行了一定的假设，该计划是在所有人的行动中，所有的王者都可以在所有的范围内实行。一群新的大西洋商人主要属于伊比利亚人，但许多来自汉诺威的丹尼尔·贝特菲尔（Daniel Botefeur）和大量的支持人员（大西洋克里奥尔人，水手，尤其是卢索 - 非洲经纪人） 1770年汉诺威-1821 Charleston）作为正常例外或例外，证明了相对于大西洋企业家群体的规则，应表明西非的首先是如何在大西洋和跨大西洋和殖民地的港口城市中造成的，以及在非洲地区的社会中如何改变和现代化的社会形式，但在非洲地区，尤其是在非洲地区，尤其是在非洲地区。在双重微观维度（Daniel Botefeur和他的奴隶Robin Botefeur）中，正式（医学）和经验知识在Daniel Botefeur的崛起中的作用仍有待分析；特别是对身体的知识，以及有关被奴役的生活以及非洲的联系的知识。